Of Parents & Children
論父母與子女
（文章內(nèi)容：英文原文+中文譯文+單詞釋義）
The joys of parents are secret, and so are their griefs and fears: they cannot utter the one, nor they will not utter the other. Children sweeten labours, but they make misfortunes more bitter: they increase the cares of life, but thy mitigate the remembrance of death.
父母的快樂是隱秘的哎迄，父母的憂傷和恐懼也是隱秘的。他們無法脫口而出他們的喜悅渔伯，也不肯說出內(nèi)心的憂愁符匾。子女使辛勞變得甜蜜络拌，但子女也讓不幸變得更為苦澀童漩；他們?cè)黾恿烁改笧樯?jì)的煩擾荣恐，但也淡化了父母對(duì)死亡的記憶。
- 單詞釋義：
1.utter 英 [??t?(r)] 美 [??t?] vt. 發(fā)出聲音;說求类，講;
2.labour n.勞動(dòng);勞工;分娩奔垦，臨產(chǎn)陣痛;工作，活計(jì)
3.sweeten vt.使甜仑嗅，把…弄香;使溫和;使愉快;使悅耳
4.misfortune 英 [?m?s?f?:t?u:n] n.不幸;厄運(yùn);災(zāi)難;不幸的事
5.bitter 英 [?b?t?(r)] adj.苦的;尖銳的;
6.mitigate 英 [?m?t?ge?t] vt.使緩和，使減輕;使平息
The perpetuity by generation is common to beasts; but memory, merit, and noble works are proper to men: and surely a man shall see the noblest works and foundations have proceeded from childless men, which have sought to express the images of their minds, where those of their bodies have failed: so the care of posterity is most in them that have no posterity.
繁衍生息，代代相傳——這是人類與動(dòng)物共通的一點(diǎn)仓技。然而鸵贬，記憶、美德和高尚的事業(yè)脖捻，是人類特有的阔逼。人們肯定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，最高尚的基業(yè)是沒有子女的人建樹的地沮。他們生前一直致力于將自己的精神形象發(fā)揚(yáng)光大嗜浮，而他們的肉體形象沒有能夠表現(xiàn)；所以摩疑，沒有子嗣的人倒成了最關(guān)心后代的人危融。
- 單詞釋義：
7.perpetuity 英 [?p?:p??tju:?ti] 永久，永恒雷袋，永遠(yuǎn)
8.generation 英 [?d?en??re??n] n.產(chǎn)生;一代人;代（約30年）吉殃，時(shí)代;生殖
9.beast 英 [bi:st] n.（尤指大型或兇猛、獨(dú)特的）動(dòng)物楷怒，獸
10.merit 英 [?mer?t] n.（行善得到的）功德;
11.noble 英 [?n??bl] adj.高尚的;
12.be proper to …特有的蛋勺，…專門的
13.proceed from 出于;從…出發(fā)[開始];從…產(chǎn)生， 起因于
14.posterity 英 [p??ster?ti] n.子孫;后裔;后代鸠删，后世;兒孫
They that are the first raisers of their houses are most indulgent towards their children; beholding them as the continuance not only of their kind but of their work; and so both children and creatures.
那些家業(yè)的開創(chuàng)者對(duì)自己的子女看成家族血脈的延續(xù)抱完，也看成自己事業(yè)的繼續(xù)；因此他們的子女也被看做他們的作品和心血刃泡。
- 單詞釋義：
15.indulgent 英 [?n?d?ld??nt] adj. 寬容的;任性的;放縱的巧娱，縱容的
16.behold...as...把什么看做什么
The difference in affection of parents towards their several children is many times unequal, and sometimes unworthy,especially in the mothers; as Salomon saith, A wise son rejoiceth the father, but an ungracious son shames the mother. A man shall see, where there is a house full of children, one or two of the eldest respected, and the youngest made wantons; but in the midst some that are as it were forgotten, who many times nevertheless prove the best.
父母往往會(huì)對(duì)某幾個(gè)孩子存在偏愛，而這種偏愛有時(shí)候是不好的捅僵，特別是母親的偏愛更甚家卖，就像所羅門說的：“一個(gè)聰明的兒子使父親感到高興，一個(gè)不光彩的兒子則使母親蒙羞庙楚∩系矗”在子孫滿堂的家庭里，人們會(huì)看到馒闷，有一兩個(gè)最年長的受到尊敬酪捡，而年紀(jì)最小的成了紈绔子弟，而中間的幾個(gè)纳账，雖然常常被遺忘逛薇，然而往往被證明是最優(yōu)秀的。
- 單詞釋義：
17.rejoiceth （使...）快樂
18.unworthy 不值得的;無價(jià)值的;不合適的;可惡的疏虫，卑劣的
19.rejoice 英 [r??d???s] vt.使高興;使歡喜
20.ungracious 英 [?n?gre???s] adj.無禮;勉強(qiáng)的永罚，憤恨的啤呼，不禮貌的
21.wanton 英 [?w?nt?n] wantons奢侈享樂的人;嬉鬧的人;
22.nevertheless 不過;然而;仍然;盡管如此
The illiberality of parents in allowance towards their children is an harmful error; makes them base; acquaints them with shifts; makes them surfeit more when they come to plenty: and therefore the proof is best, when men keep their authority towards their children, but not their purse.
父母在給子女零花錢上過于吝嗇，這是十分有害的做法呢袱，會(huì)使子女變得卑賤官扣，讓他們學(xué)會(huì)投機(jī)取巧、玩弄心計(jì)羞福，使他們?nèi)菀缀捅百v之流為伍惕蹄。而若是給他們過量的錢財(cái)，他們就會(huì)變得揮霍無度治专。因此卖陵，父母最好的做法就是在子女之中樹立威信，而不是掌握他們的財(cái)政大權(quán)张峰。
- 單詞釋義：
23.illiberality 英 [??l?b?'r?l?t?] n.吝嗇泪蔫，小氣
24.allowance 英 [??la??ns] n.限額;折扣;津貼，補(bǔ)貼挟炬，零用錢;
25.base adj.卑鄙的;低級(jí)的;賤的鸥滨，劣的;庶生的
26.acquaint with使了解;使熟悉；使相識(shí)
27.surfeit 英 [?s?:f?t] vi.揮霍無度
28.purse n.錢包谤祖，錢袋;財(cái)力婿滓，財(cái)源;和包或錢袋相似的東西;女用小提包
Men have a foolish manner(both parents and schoolmasters and servants)in creating and breeding an emulation between brothers during childhood, which many times sorteth to discord when they are men, and disturbeth families.
人們有一種愚蠢的行為（父母、老師與仆人都一樣）粥喜，就是在童年時(shí)期在兄弟之間營造競爭氣氛凸主。這往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們成年后兄弟反目，讓他們的家庭也不得安寧额湘。
- 單詞釋義：
29.emulation 英 [?emj?'le??n] n.競賽;競爭;
30.discord英 [?d?sk?:d] n.不和;不調(diào)和;嘈雜聲
The Italians make little difference between children and nephews or near kinsfolks; but so they be of the lump,they care not though they pass not through their own body. And, to say truth, in nature it it much a like matter; insomuch that we see a nephew sometimes resembleth an uncle or a kinsman more than his own parent; as the blood happens.
意大利人幾乎不分自己的子女或侄兒侄女卿吐，以及其他近親，只要他們是同族锋华，就算他們并非自己所生嗡官，他們也不在意，仍然一視同仁毯焕，把他們看成同胞兄弟或同胞姐妹衍腥。說實(shí)話，由于血緣的關(guān)系纳猫，他們?cè)谔煨陨先绱讼嗨破畔蹋灾廖覀兛匆娭蹲酉袼牟福蛘呦衿渌挠H人芜辕，勝過像他自己的父親尚骄。
- 單詞釋義：
31.nephew 英 [?nefju:] n.侄子，外甥
32.near kinsfolk 近親
33.be of the lump 同族
34.insomuch adv.由于侵续，就此程度而言
35.resembleth 同resemble vt.與…相像倔丈，類似于
Let parents choose betimes the vocations and courses they mean their children should take; for then they are most flexible; and let them not too much apply themselves to the disposition of their children, as thinking they will take best to that which they have most mind to. It is true, that if the affection or aptness of the children be extraordinary, then it it good not to cross it; but generally the precept is good, optimum elige, suave et facile illud faciet consuetudo. Younger brothers are commonly fortunate, but seldom or never where the elder are disinherited.
父母可以及時(shí)選擇他們認(rèn)為子女應(yīng)該從事的職業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)憨闰，因?yàn)樵谟啄陼r(shí)期他們的可塑性最強(qiáng)，然而父母切勿過于試圖安排子女的未來需五，以為自己現(xiàn)在最愿意的就是他們將來努力去做的起趾。當(dāng)然，若是子女對(duì)某方面表現(xiàn)出特殊的愛好或是超群的天賦警儒，那么最好不要阻止，然而一般說來眶根，下面這句話可謂金科玉律：“選擇最好的蜀铲，培養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然属百〖侨埃”子女中，年幼的弟弟往往是幸運(yùn)兒族扰，但如果長兄被剝奪了繼承權(quán)厌丑，那弟弟很少或是根本不可能擁有幸福的一生了。
- 單詞釋義：
36.betimes adv.及時(shí)渔呵，早
37.vocation 英 [v???ke??n] n.職業(yè)怒竿，使命; vocations and courses 職業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)
38.disposition 英 [?d?sp??z??n] n. 安排，配置;
39.aptness 英 ['?ptn?s] n.傾向扩氢，適合性耕驰，才能
40.cross 反對(duì)，反駁录豺，否定（某人或計(jì)劃朦肘、意愿）
41.precept 英 [?pri:sept] n.規(guī)誡，戒律双饥，箴言
42.disinherited v.剝奪繼承權(quán)媒抠，剝奪特權(quán)( disinherit的過去式和過去分詞 )
~Francis Bacon
——[ 英 ] 弗蘭西斯·培根
（節(jié)選自《培根散文集）
(私信小豌豆：微信、QQ同號(hào) 1132813006)
