今日導(dǎo)讀
他的一生身份復(fù)雜侧纯，爭(zhēng)議不斷新锈，有人稱他將天才和混蛋兼于一身，有人則把他比做尖酸刻薄的“毒舌男”眶熬，而諾獎(jiǎng)評(píng)委對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)則是：“其作品中具有統(tǒng)一的敘事感和未受世俗侵蝕的洞察力妹笆，使我們看到了被扭曲的歷史的存在，并激發(fā)了我們探尋真實(shí)狀況的動(dòng)力娜氏∪”他就是 2001 年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主 V.S. 奈保爾。盡管人們對(duì)他褒貶不一贸弥，但他杰出的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作能力是不可否認(rèn)的窟坐。令人遺憾的是，這位偉大作家最近在倫敦家中去世了绵疲。今天哲鸳，就讓我們隨著《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的文字來(lái)緬懷這位英語(yǔ)文學(xué)大師。
帶著問(wèn)題聽講解
Q1: 文中提到了哪幾種修辭手法盔憨？
Q2: "displacement" 這個(gè)詞該如何理解徙菠？
Q3: 試著用英文簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)說(shuō)你對(duì)“殖民主義”和“普世文明”的看法。
新聞?wù)?/h3>V.S. Naipaul, who explored colonialism through unsparing books, dies at 85
85 歲諾獎(jiǎng)得主 V.S. 奈保爾逝世郁岩，曾以無(wú)情之書探索殖民主義
V.S. Naipaul, the Nobel laureate who documented the migrations of peoples, the unraveling of the British Empire, the ironies of exile and the clash between belief and unbelief in more than a dozen unsparing novels and as many works of nonfiction, died Saturday at his home in London. He was 85.
諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主 V.S. 奈保爾于周六在倫敦家中辭世婿奔，享年 85 歲芙盘。他曾在逾 12 部毫不留情的小說(shuō)和同等數(shù)目的非小說(shuō)類紀(jì)實(shí)文學(xué)作品中記錄了民族遷徙、大英帝國(guó)解體脸秽、極具諷刺意味的流亡生活以及信仰與無(wú)信仰之間的沖突。
His family confirmed the death in a statement, The Associated Press reported.
美聯(lián)社報(bào)道蝴乔，他的家人在一份聲明中證實(shí)了他的死訊记餐。
In many ways embodying the contradictions of the postcolonial world, Naipaul was born of Indian ancestry in Trinidad, went to Oxford University on a scholarship and lived the rest of his life in England, where he forged one of the most illustrious literary careers of the last half century.?
以多種方式表現(xiàn)后殖民世界里種種矛盾的奈保爾出生于特立尼達(dá)（曾屬英殖民地）的一個(gè)印度裔家庭，曾憑獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金前往牛津大學(xué)求學(xué)薇正，并在英格蘭度過(guò)余生片酝。在那他開創(chuàng)自己的文學(xué)事業(yè)，使其成為過(guò)去半個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)最為杰出的文學(xué)生涯之一挖腰。
Naipaul personified a sense of displacement. Having left behind the circumscribed world of Trinidad, he was never entirely rooted in England. In awarding him the Nobel Prize in literature in 2001, the Swedish Academy described him as “a literary circumnavigator, only ever really at home in himself, in his inimitable voice.”
奈保爾將一種移位感人格化雕沿。即使遠(yuǎn)離了特立尼達(dá)的封閉世界，他也未曾完全扎根于英格蘭猴仑。瑞典文學(xué)院在 2001 年授予他諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)時(shí)审轮，稱他是“一位文學(xué)界的世界周游者，他真正的家辽俗，只在他的心中疾渣，在他獨(dú)特的觀點(diǎn)里⊙缕”
Yet his existential homelessness was as much willed as fated. Although he spent his literary career mining his origins, Naipaul fiercely resisted the idea of being tethered to a hyphen, or to a particular ethnic or religious identity. His guiding philosophy was universalism which he described as “Our Universal Civilization”.
然而榴捡，他這種存在主義式的無(wú)家可歸既是命中注定，也是意志所致朱浴。雖然奈保爾的整個(gè)文學(xué)生涯都在尋找自己的根吊圾，但他強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)將自己拴在某個(gè)連字符上，或系于某個(gè)特定的種族或宗教身份翰蠢。他的人生哲學(xué)是普世主義项乒，他稱之為“我們的普世文明”。
—————? 文章來(lái)源 / 紐約時(shí)報(bào)
重點(diǎn)詞匯
colonialism /k??lo?ni?l?z?m/
n. 殖民主義
unsparing/?n?sper??/
adj. 苛刻的梁沧；無(wú)情的
e.g.
She is unsparing in her criticism.
laureate/?l??ri?t/
n. 戴桂冠的人板丽；獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)撸╨aurel n.）
e.g.
a poet laureate
migration/ma??ɡre??n/
n. 遷徙；遷移
unraveling/?n?r?vl??/
n. 解體趁尼；瓦解（unravel v.）
irony/?a?r?ni/
n. 反語(yǔ)埃碱；反諷
e.g.
The irony is that when a man gets something he wants badly, he doesn't like it anymore.
exile/?eɡza?l/
n. 放逐；流亡
embody/?m?bɑ?di/
v. 表現(xiàn)酥泞；體現(xiàn)
e.g.
Many scholars think that The Great Gatsby embodies the American spirit.
postcolonial/?po?st ?k?lo?ni?l/
adj. 后殖民的
ancestry/??nsestri/
n. 祖籍砚殿；血統(tǒng)
forge/f??rd?/
v. 開創(chuàng)；創(chuàng)造
e.g.
She forged a new career for herself as a singer.
illustrious /??l?stri?s/
adj. 杰出的 芝囤；輝煌的
e.g.
illustrious accomplishments
personify/p?r?sɑ?n?fa?/
v. 擬人化似炎；人格化
e.g.
Animals are often personified in fairy tales
In Keats' 'To Autumn', the autumn is personified as a close friend of the sun.
displacement/d?s?ple?sm?nt/
n. 移位（dislocation n.）
circumscribed /?s??rk?mskra?bd/
adj. 局限的辛萍；受約束的（circumscribe v.）
circumnavigator/?s??rk?m?n?v?ɡe?t?r/
n. 世界周游者
inimitable/??n?m?t?bl/
adj. 無(wú)法模仿的；獨(dú)一無(wú)二的
e.g.
He was describing, in his own inimitable style, how to write a best-selling novel.
existential/?eɡz??sten??l/
adj. 存在主義的
willed/w?ld/
adj. 具有…的意志的
e.g.
weak-willed
strong-willed?
fated /?fe?t?d/
adj. 命中注定的（fate n.）
e.g.
He was fated to die young.
mine/ma?n/
v. 挖掘羡藐；探尋
tether/?tee?r/
v. 將…拴(到)
e.g.
He tethered his horse to a tree.
hyphen/?ha?fn/
n. 連字符贩毕；連字號(hào)
e.g.
a Trinidadian-British writer
philosophy/f??lɑ?s?fi/
n. 人生哲學(xué)；生活信條
e.g.
Hemingway’s philosophy is that a man can be destroyed but not defeated
universalism /?ju?n??v??rs?liz?m/
n. 普世主義
