Working memory And non-working memory
Non-working memory ：easy to forget, alppy in the shallow layer, low efficiency.
Working memory: hard to forget, flexible application, highly efficiency.
Turn the non-working memory area into the working memory area, which need a process of solidify, mind model, expand.
認(rèn)知獲取+認(rèn)知消化
1／獲取新概念和信息
2／了解能解決什么問題
3／了解為什么能解決問題
Congnitive acquisition + Cognitive digest
1.access the new concepts and information . 2.learn the problem which will be solved . 3. Learn why the problem will be solved. ?
認(rèn)知固化：將掌握的新概念卦碾，信息知識(shí)，從非工作記憶區(qū)往工作記憶區(qū)推動(dòng)的過程起宽。
如何固化：1／反復(fù)大量的練習(xí)洲胖。通過實(shí)際操作，不斷解決問題坯沪。
2／背誦記憶绿映。 3／持續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)聯(lián)知識(shí)。通過不斷將各種知識(shí)點(diǎn)結(jié)網(wǎng)叉弦，把這個(gè)點(diǎn)固定住丐一。
Congnitive solidify: 1. The process to promote the new concepts and information ,knowledge that learned well from the non working memory into the working memory.
How to solidify?1. Continued to Solving the problems by the practical operation and repeated practice. 2. Memorization . 3. Continuous learn the related knowledge. Solidify the knowledge points by netting a variety of knowledge constantly . ?
模式建立 And 模式拓展
模式建立：根據(jù)掌握的知識(shí)，構(gòu)建的知識(shí)網(wǎng)淹冰，用老知識(shí)解決新問題库车，建立一個(gè)解決新問題的模式。
模式拓展：把已經(jīng)學(xué)到的新知識(shí)以及構(gòu)造出來的新模式樱拴，和我們的老網(wǎng)絡(luò)柠衍，老模式，老知識(shí)融為一體疹鳄，進(jìn)行橫向拧略，縱向的拓展，使知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)越來越龐大瘪弓，最終同類旁通垫蛆，融會(huì)貫通，使掌握的知識(shí)量腺怯，能解決的問題越來越多袱饭。
The model established and the model expanded .
The model established: ?The model which is established to solved the new problems using the old knowledge , according to the knowledge mastered , the knowledge network constructed. ? ? ?
The model expanded：The new mode of developing knowledge has been learned and new model constructed, and our old network, old old model, knowledge integration, horizontal and vertical expansion of the knowledge network more and more large, the final similar bypass, mastery, make knowledge grasp, can solve the problem more and more.
Three / three / 1 step fast learning method to quickly establish overall cognition. 2 / solve the problem oriented, perceptual knowledge, constructs the network. 3 / deliberate practice, of implicit knowledge. Four / 1 / principle: deliberate practice from human adaptation. The brain has strong ability to adapt to the human body. Always tend to stay in the steady state, the external changes, they will follow the change. For example; hard work often, to adapt to changes, grow on hand The cocoon /.2 after exercise, and expansion of the biceps.3 / in order to meet the needs of long-distance runners, thin. The quality and quantity of heart characterization is the biggest difference between expert and ordinary people. 2 / do. Requirements continue to break the steady state, forcing their own progress. The construction and improvement of the heart (characterization of feedback, continue to optimize 1) find a scientific and effective training methods to break.2. comfort zone, continue to challenge their moderate.3. constantly split the task easier.4. good sense of purpose.5. feedback.6. generating and improving mental representation (practice) important guidance teacher: 1 split goal, easier.2. plan,.3. provides a scientific and effective feedback, adjustment and improvement. How to design their own deliberate training system? 1 split tasks must be less than.2. for.1. feedback mechanism to check the cause.3..4. to correct. Five data collection / learning learning The classification of data form: 1 / base class.2 /.3 / application materials. The data access features: 1 / system knowledge, mainly in the form of books.2. application content, mainly in the form of access to reflect the.3. content, mainly in the paper form. How to find textbooks: 1 Laoniao recommended.2.KUL recommended high quality.3..4..5. list Q & a site directed search. How to get.1. quality public number.2. to create your own web site favorites. Field and structure, six / knowledge. Learning is a process of association.1 / concept and object behavior, the relationship between.2 / domain knowledge strong links. Knowledge structure of Pyramid type and mesh the structure of knowledge. The field as a whole. According to the structure and domain knowledge, we can learn that knowledge are interrelated, obtaining new knowledge is established based on the prior knowledge of learning. The method includes the following aspects: 1 /.2 / I integrated learning method. 1 learning method which is based on the known knowledge, step by step to learn English. In the case of I 1. I 1 English learning. The first step is to test vocabulary and reading ability. To determine their English is at that level. The second step, according to their level, find the classification of reading materials. The third step, step by step to read. 3 / Feynman method of learning. This learning process method is as follows. A multi solution 4 / seven / study method. The construction and management of external knowledge system of human brain and external tools to human Division: brain: analysis, processing, working memory, mental representation. The external brain: classification storage, high-speed calls. So learning knowledge is not limited to you. Remember: the brain is formed inside the internal network, into working memory. External: storage, at any time convenient to call. How to construct The construction and management of the knowledge system? Internal knowledge system: the theme of learning, extended learning, deliberate practice. External knowledge system: Tools: one note, known for the notes, ethics cloud notes. Usage: review, search, access, curing to working memory, important knowledge to the high frequency of the learning habit of finishing: every day. Organize, create notes, classification, scanning and archiving, clean up redundancy.
三／三步式快速學(xué)習(xí)法
1／快速建立領(lǐng)域整體認(rèn)知。
2／解決問題為導(dǎo)向呛占，感性了解知識(shí)點(diǎn)虑乖，初步構(gòu)建網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
3／刻意練習(xí)晾虑，補(bǔ)充隱知識(shí)疹味。
四/刻意練習(xí)
1／原理：源自于人類超強(qiáng)的適應(yīng)能力。大腦也有適應(yīng)能力帜篇。人體總傾向于待在穩(wěn)態(tài)糙捺，外部變化了，自己也會(huì)跟著變笙隙。比如洪灯；經(jīng)常干重活，為適應(yīng)變化竟痰，手上長了繭子签钩。2／經(jīng)過鍛煉，壯大的肱二頭肌坏快。3／為適應(yīng)長跑的需要铅檩，長跑選手變瘦了。
心里表征的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量是牛人和普通人的最大區(qū)別莽鸿。
2／怎么做柠并。要求不斷打破穩(wěn)態(tài)，迫使自己不斷進(jìn)步。構(gòu)建和改進(jìn)心里表征（反饋臼予、繼續(xù)優(yōu)化）
1.找套科學(xué)有效的訓(xùn)練方法。2.突破舒適區(qū)啃沪，不斷適度挑戰(zhàn)自己粘拾。3.不斷拆分任務(wù)，化難為易创千。4.良好的目標(biāo)感缰雇。5.反饋。6.產(chǎn)生和改進(jìn)心理表征（大量練習(xí)）
指導(dǎo)老師的重要性：1.拆分目標(biāo)追驴，化難為易械哟。2.制定計(jì)劃，科學(xué)有效殿雪。3.提供反饋暇咆，調(diào)整改進(jìn)。
如何設(shè)計(jì)自己的刻意訓(xùn)練體系丙曙？1.拆分大任務(wù)
一定要有反饋機(jī)制爸业。1.找不足。2.查原因亏镰。3.想辦法扯旷。4.必改正。
五／學(xué)習(xí)資料的搜集
學(xué)習(xí)資料形式的分類：1／基礎(chǔ)類教材索抓。2／應(yīng)用類钧忽。3／查閱類。
資料的特點(diǎn)：1／體系化知識(shí)逼肯，主要以書籍形式體現(xiàn)耸黑。2.應(yīng)用性內(nèi)容，主要以文章形式體現(xiàn)汉矿。3.查閱類內(nèi)容崎坊，主要以論文形式體現(xiàn)。
如何查找教材：1.老鳥推薦洲拇。2.KUL推薦奈揍。3.高質(zhì)量書單。4.問答網(wǎng)站赋续。5.定向搜索男翰。
如何獲得。1.優(yōu)質(zhì)公眾號(hào)纽乱。2.打造自己的網(wǎng)站收藏夾蛾绎。
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六／知識(shí)的領(lǐng)域和結(jié)構(gòu)冒版。
學(xué)習(xí)是關(guān)聯(lián)的過程逆趋。1／概念和物體，行為之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。2／領(lǐng)域內(nèi)部知識(shí)強(qiáng)鏈接明郭。
知識(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)有金字塔型和網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)。
知識(shí)的領(lǐng)域成為一個(gè)整體到逊。
根據(jù)知識(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)和領(lǐng)域吮便，可以得知：知識(shí)都是相互關(guān)聯(lián)的，新知識(shí)的獲得都是建立在原有知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上镜粤。學(xué)習(xí)方法有以下方面：1／整體性學(xué)習(xí)法捏题。2／i+1學(xué)習(xí)法。也就是在已知的知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上肉渴，逐級(jí)的往上學(xué)習(xí)公荧。以英語i+1為例。英語i+1學(xué)習(xí)同规。第一步是測(cè)試詞匯和閱讀能力循狰。確定自己的英語是處于那個(gè)層次。第二步捻浦，根據(jù)自己所處的層次晤揣，尋找分級(jí)閱讀材料。第三步朱灿，逐級(jí)往上閱讀昧识。
3／費(fèi)曼學(xué)習(xí)法。這個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)法的過程是這樣的盗扒。
4／一題多解學(xué)習(xí)法跪楞。
七／構(gòu)建和管理外部知識(shí)體系
人類大腦和外部工具如何分工：人類大腦：分析、處理侣灶、工作記憶甸祭、心理表征。外部大腦：分類存儲(chǔ)褥影、高速調(diào)用池户。所以學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)不局限于你記住的。
內(nèi)部：大腦內(nèi)部形成網(wǎng)絡(luò)凡怎，進(jìn)入工作記憶校焦。
外部：妥善存儲(chǔ)，隨時(shí)方便調(diào)用统倒。
如何構(gòu)建和管理知識(shí)體系寨典？
內(nèi)部知識(shí)體系：主題學(xué)習(xí)、擴(kuò)展學(xué)習(xí)房匆、刻意練習(xí)耸成。
外部知識(shí)體系：工具：one note报亩，為知筆記，有道云筆記井氢。使用方法：復(fù)習(xí)弦追、搜索、查閱毙沾、固化到工作記憶里骗卜，重要的知識(shí)要高頻度的學(xué)習(xí)。整理習(xí)慣：每天整理左胞，分類創(chuàng)建，記錄筆記举户，掃描歸檔烤宙，清理冗余。
