1. 限定名詞，句子和從句的范圍

1. 名詞: The singing of the nightingale enables the rose to bloom.
2. 非謂語動詞: The singing nightingale died pitifully.
3. 從句: The rose that the nightingale exchanged with his life was discarded.
4. 形容詞: The nightingale naive and adamant lost his life. 
5. 介詞短語: The nightingale out of the window heard the sigh of the youngster.

1. 引導(dǎo)詞
   (1) 按照先行詞的種類分類媒至，一共把引導(dǎo)詞分成 5 類
       {1} 當(dāng)先行詞是人的時候，引導(dǎo)詞有：that掩宜，who君躺，whom，whose
       {2} 當(dāng)先行詞是物的時候碱茁，引導(dǎo)詞有：that锁孟，which彬祖，whose
       {3} 當(dāng)先行詞是時間的時候，引導(dǎo)詞有：that品抽，which储笑，when
       {4} 當(dāng)先行詞是地點的時候，引導(dǎo)詞有：that圆恤，which突倍，where
       {5} 當(dāng)先行詞是原因的時候，引導(dǎo)詞有：that, which, why
   (2) 按照引導(dǎo)詞本身的詞性分類盆昙，一共把引導(dǎo)詞分成3類
       {1} 代詞：充當(dāng)成分羽历，that，which淡喜，who秕磷，whom，
       {2} 副詞：不充當(dāng)成分拆火，when跳夭，where，why
       {3} 形容詞：充當(dāng)定語们镜，whose
 
2. 特殊形式
   (1) that 充當(dāng)賓語時，可以省略
       {1} I enjoy the movie Zhao Wei directed.
   (2) 非限制性定語從句
       {1} 先行詞是物润歉，且充當(dāng)句子成分時模狭，只能用 which
       {2} 省略不影響句子意思
   (3) 介詞加關(guān)系代詞，人只能用 whom踩衩，物只能用 which
   (4) the same...as(就像) 和 the same...that(就是)
       {1} He is the same man as I love.
       {2} He is the same man that I love.
   (5) as 和 which 引導(dǎo)修飾整個句子的非限制性定語從句
       {1} As is known to us all, she is a good teacher.
       {2} He changed his mind, which made me very angry.

3. 尋找先行詞
   (1) 先行詞是離引導(dǎo)詞最近的那個名詞
       {1} When someone abandons you, he is the one who should get loss because for him, he loses someone who loves him but for you, you lose someone who does not love you.
   (2) 先行詞是引導(dǎo)詞前面的多個名詞
       {1} For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of importance that came from being a loyal employee.
   (3) 先行詞是引導(dǎo)詞前面的句子
       {1} My husband enjoy talking with other young ladies, which really gets me go mad.
   (4) 先行詞是引導(dǎo)詞前面的從句
       {1} The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.
   (5) 先行詞和引導(dǎo)詞被一部分成分隔開
       {1} As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect in the world that can not convey complex ideas.
   (6) 固定搭配形式
       {1} After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.
   (7) 并列連詞隔斷定語
       {1} Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as costs and availability.