2017年12月31日更新

代碼更新為最新的OOP代碼装获，測(cè)試環(huán)境Python3.6瑞信，成功發(fā)送郵件厉颤。

Socket編程簡(jiǎn)介

寫完程序也還是不理解什么事Socket編程穴豫，但在知乎里看到的一個(gè)問(wèn)題里面的回答很不錯(cuò)，這里分享一下：Socket編程簡(jiǎn)介

SMTP簡(jiǎn)介

SMTP（Simple Mail Transfer Protocol）即簡(jiǎn)單郵件傳輸協(xié)議,它是一組用于由源地址到目的地址傳送郵件的規(guī)則逼友，由它來(lái)控制信件的中轉(zhuǎn)方式精肃。SMTP協(xié)議屬于TCP/IP協(xié)議簇，它幫助每臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)在發(fā)送或中轉(zhuǎn)信件時(shí)找到下一個(gè)目的地帜乞。通過(guò)SMTP協(xié)議所指定的服務(wù)器,就可以把E-mail寄到收信人的服務(wù)器上了司抱，整個(gè)過(guò)程只要幾分鐘。SMTP服務(wù)器則是遵循SMTP協(xié)議的發(fā)送郵件服務(wù)器黎烈，用來(lái)發(fā)送或中轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)出的電子郵件习柠。
它使用由TCP提供的可靠的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸服務(wù)把郵件消息從發(fā)信人的郵件服務(wù)器傳送到收信人的郵件服務(wù)器。跟大多數(shù)應(yīng)用層協(xié)議一樣照棋，SMTP也存在兩個(gè) 端：在發(fā)信人的郵件服務(wù)器上執(zhí)行的客戶端和在收信人的郵件服務(wù)器上執(zhí)行的服務(wù)器端资溃。SMTP的客戶端和服務(wù)器端同時(shí)運(yùn)行在每個(gè)郵件服務(wù)器上。當(dāng)一個(gè)郵件服 務(wù)器在向其他郵件服務(wù)器發(fā)送郵件消息時(shí)烈炭，它是作為SMTP客戶在運(yùn)行溶锭。
SMTP協(xié)議與人們用于面對(duì)面交互的禮儀之間有許多相似之處。首先符隙，運(yùn)行在發(fā)送端郵件服務(wù)器主機(jī)上的SMTP客戶趴捅，發(fā)起建立一個(gè)到運(yùn)行在接收端郵件服務(wù) 器主機(jī)上的SMTP服務(wù)器端口號(hào)25之間的TCP連接。如果接收郵件服務(wù)器當(dāng)前不在工作霹疫，SMTP客戶就等待一段時(shí)間后再嘗試建立該連接拱绑。SMTP客戶和服務(wù)器先執(zhí)行一些應(yīng)用層握手操作。就像人們?cè)谵D(zhuǎn)手東西之前往往先自我介紹那樣丽蝎，SMTP客戶和服務(wù)器也在傳送信息之前先自我介紹一下欺栗。 在這個(gè)SMTP握手階段，SMTP客戶向服務(wù)器分別指出發(fā)信人和收信人的電子郵件地址征峦。彼此自我介紹完畢之后迟几，客戶發(fā)出郵件消息。

MIME簡(jiǎn)介

阮一峰的文章給了我很多靈感栏笆，具體請(qǐng)看MIME筆記

代碼

這里以QQ郵箱為例类腮，之前用過(guò)126郵箱，用普通的25端口就能發(fā)送郵件蛉加，QQ郵箱則不可以蚜枢，所以專門研究了下QQ郵箱

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
__author__ = 'memgq'

import socket
import ssl
import base64
import time
import os
import random

class SendMail:
    __username=''
    __password=''
    __recipient=''
    msg = b'\r\n'
    endmsg = b'\r\n.\r\n'
    mailserver = ('smtp.qq.com', 465)
    heloCommand = b'HELO qq.com\r\n'
    loginCommand = b'AUTH login\r\n'
    dataCommand = b'DATA\r\n'
    quitCommand = b'QUIT\r\n'
    msgsubject = b'Subject: Test E-mail\r\n'
    msgtype = b"Content-Type: multipart/mixed;boundary='BOUNDARY'\r\n\r\n"
    msgboundary = b'--BOUNDARY\r\n'
    msgmailer = b'X-Mailer:mengqi\'s mailer\r\n'
    msgMIMI = b'MIME-Version:1.0\r\n'
    msgfileType = b"Content-type:application/octet-stream;charset=utf-8\r\n"
    msgfilename = b"Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=''\r\n"
    msgimgtype = b"Content-type:image/gif;\r\n"
    msgimgname = b"Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=''\r\n"
    msgtexthtmltype = b'Content-Type:text/html;\r\n'
    msgimgId = b'Content-ID:<test>\r\n'
    msgimgscr = b'<img src="cid:test">'
    mailcontent = ''
    __clientSocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    def login(self):
        """
        輸入用戶名和授權(quán)碼登陸QQ郵箱
        """
        print("正在發(fā)送登錄請(qǐng)求……")
        time.sleep(1)
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.loginCommand)
        recv2 = self.__sslclientSocket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
        if recv2[:3] !='334':
            print('登錄請(qǐng)求發(fā)送失敻滋印：334 reply not received from server.')
            time.sleep(2)
            print('正在重試……')
            self.login()
        print("登錄請(qǐng)求發(fā)送成功……")
        self.__username = input("請(qǐng)輸入用戶名：")
        self.__password = input("請(qǐng)輸入授權(quán)碼：")
        print("正在登錄……")
        time.sleep(1)
        username = b'%s\r\n' % base64.b64encode(self.__username.encode('utf-8'))
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(username)
        recv = self.__sslclientSocket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
        password = b'%s\r\n' % base64.b64encode(self.__password.encode('utf-8'))
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(password)
        recv = self.__sslclientSocket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
        if recv[:3] != '235':
            print('登錄失敗：賬號(hào)或密碼錯(cuò)誤厂抽，請(qǐng)使用授權(quán)碼登錄. 235 reply not received from server.',recv)
            time.sleep(2)
            print('正在重試……')
            self.login()
        print("登錄成功")
        time.sleep(1)


    def socketconnet(self):
        """
        使用socket套接字連接qq郵箱服務(wù)器需频，并設(shè)置ssl驗(yàn)證
        """
        print("正在連接服務(wù)器……")
        time.sleep(1)
        self.__sslclientSocket = ssl.wrap_socket(self.__clientSocket, cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_NONE,
                                            ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv23)
        self.__sslclientSocket.connect(self.mailserver)
        recv = self.__sslclientSocket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
        if recv[:3] != '220':
            print('服務(wù)器連接失敗：220 reply not received from server.')
            time.sleep(2)
            print('正在重試……')
            self.socketconnet()
        print("成功連接服務(wù)器……")
        time.sleep(1)
        print("正在請(qǐng)求服務(wù)器響應(yīng)……")
        time.sleep(1)
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.heloCommand)
        recv1 = self.__sslclientSocket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
        if recv1[:3] != '250':
            print('服務(wù)器響應(yīng)失斂攴铩：250 replay not received from server')
            time.sleep(2)
            print('正在重試……')
            self.socketconnet()
        print("成功請(qǐng)求服務(wù)器響應(yīng)……")
        time.sleep(1)


    def sender(self):
        mailsenderCommand = b'MAIL FROM:<%s>\r\n' % self.__username.encode('utf-8')
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(mailsenderCommand)

    def recipient(self):
        self.__recipient = input("請(qǐng)輸入收件人郵箱：")
        time.sleep(1)
        mailrecipientCommand = b'RCPT TO:<%s>\r\n' % self.__recipient.encode('utf-8')
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(mailrecipientCommand)
        recv = self.__sslclientSocket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
        if recv[:3] != '250':
            print("收件人郵箱錯(cuò)誤:250 replay not received from server")
            time.sleep(1)
            self.recipient()

    def senddata(self):
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.dataCommand)
        recv = self.__sslclientSocket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
        if recv[:3] != '354':
            time.sleep(1)
            self.senddata()

    def sendsubject(self):
        subject = input("請(qǐng)輸入郵件主題：")
        time.sleep(1)
        self.msgsubject = b'Subject: %s\r\n' % subject.encode('utf-8')
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.msgsubject)
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.msgmailer)
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.msgtype)
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(b'Content-Transfer-Encoding:7bit\r\n\r\n')


    def writemail(self):
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(b'\r\n\r\n' + self.msgboundary)
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(b'Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8\r\n')
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(b'Content-Transfer-Encoding:7bit\r\n\r\n')
        self.mailcontent=input("請(qǐng)輸入郵件正文：\n")
        time.sleep(1)
        self.__sslclientSocket.sendall(b'%s\r\n'%self.mailcontent.encode('utf-8'))

    def addfile(self):
        filepath=input("請(qǐng)輸入文件路徑：")
        time.sleep(1)
        # filepath=filepath.replace('\\','/')
        if os.path.isfile(filepath):
            filename = os.path.basename(filepath)
            #print(filename)
            time.sleep(0.1)
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(b'\r\n\r\n' + self.msgboundary)
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.msgfileType)
            self.msgfilename = b"Content-Disposition: attachment; filename='%s'\r\n" % filename.encode('utf-8')
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.msgfilename)
            #print(self.msgfilename)
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(b'Content-Transfer-Encoding:base64\r\n\r\n')
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.msg)
            #print(1)
            time.sleep(0.1)
            fb = open(filepath,'rb')
            while True:
                filedata = fb.read(1024)
                # print(filedata)
                if not filedata:
                    break
                self.__sslclientSocket.send(base64.b64encode(filedata))
                time.sleep(1)
            fb.close()
            #print(2)
            time.sleep(0.1)


    def addimg(self):
        self.mailcontent = input("請(qǐng)輸入郵件正文：")
        time.sleep(1)
        filepath = input("請(qǐng)輸入圖片路徑：")
        time.sleep(1)
        # filepath = filepath.replace('\\', '/')
        if os.path.isfile(filepath):
            # print(1)
            time.sleep(0.1)
            filename = os.path.basename(filepath)
            randomid = filename.split('.')[1]+str(random.randint(1000, 9999))
            # print(randomid)
            time.sleep(0.1)
            self.msgimgId = b'Content-ID:%s\r\n' % randomid.encode('utf-8')
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(b'\r\n\r\n' + self.msgboundary)
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.msgimgtype)
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.msgimgId)
            self.msgimgname = b"Content-Disposition: attachment; filename='%s'\r\n" % filename.encode('utf-8')
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.msgfilename)
            # print(self.msgimgId)
            time.sleep(0.1)
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(b'Content-Transfer-Encoding:base64\r\n\r\n')
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.msg)
            fb = open(filepath, 'rb')
            while True:
                filedata = fb.read(1024)
                # print(filedata)
                if not filedata:
                    break
                self.__sslclientSocket.send(base64.b64encode(filedata))
                time.sleep(0.1)
            fb.close()
            # print(1)
            time.sleep(0.1)
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(b'\r\n\r\n' + self.msgboundary)
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.msgtexthtmltype)
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(b'Content-Transfer-Encoding:8bit\r\n\r\n')
            msgimgscr = b'<img src="cid:%s">'%randomid.encode('utf-8')
            # print(1)
            time.sleep(0.1)
            self.__sslclientSocket.send(msgimgscr)
            # print(msgimgscr)
            time.sleep(0.1)
            self.__sslclientSocket.sendall(b'%s' % self.mailcontent.encode('utf-8'))
            # print(msgimgscr)
            time.sleep(0.1)

    def sendmail(self):
        # self.addimg()
        # print(1)
        # time.sleep(1)
        # self.addfile()
        # print(2)
        # self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.endmsg)
        bool_addimg = input("是否添加圖片<Y/N>:")
        bool_addfile = input("是否添加附件<Y/N>:")
        if bool_addimg.lower() == 'y':
            if bool_addfile.lower() == 'y':
                self.addimg()
                print(1)
                self.addfile()
                print(2)
                self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.endmsg)
            else:
                self.addimg()
                self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.endmsg)
        else:
            if bool_addfile.lower() == 'y':
                self.writemail()
                self.addfile()
                self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.endmsg)
            else:
                self.writemail()
                self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.endmsg)



    def quitconnect(self):
        self.__sslclientSocket.send(self.quitCommand)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        sendmail = SendMail()
        sendmail.socketconnet()
        sendmail.login()
        sendmail.sender()
        sendmail.recipient()
        sendmail.senddata()
        sendmail.sendsubject()
        sendmail.sendmail()
        time.sleep(1)
        print("發(fā)送成功昭殉！")
        sendmail.quitconnect()
    except Exception:
            print(Exception)
    finally:
        exit(0)

收獲和結(jié)論

網(wǎng)上幾乎沒(méi)有pythonSocket編程發(fā)送郵件的內(nèi)容，也可能我沒(méi)找到藐守，好多東西是借鑒C語(yǔ)言Socket編程發(fā)送郵件和基礎(chǔ)的MIME協(xié)議寫出來(lái)的挪丢，其實(shí)這些功能使用smtplib模塊完全可以解決，而且非常完美
我這個(gè)只是實(shí)現(xiàn)了基本的outlook的基本功能卢厂，但也收獲不少乾蓬，貼兩張圖吧

程序運(yùn)行圖

收到的郵件樣式

本次收獲如下

• tcp/ip協(xié)議三次握手很重要，
• 代碼執(zhí)行速度比網(wǎng)速快的多
• Outlook發(fā)送郵件速度慢是有原因的
• 自己造的輪子并沒(méi)有大神造的好用(純粹為了完成作業(yè))
• 能不能把實(shí)驗(yàn)室網(wǎng)速提快點(diǎn)