這是我與chatGPT 合作完成的一篇文章俏扩。
chatGPT輸出的內(nèi)容并不完美糜工,甚至有一些邏輯漏洞。
然而录淡,chatGPT 確實(shí)為我提供了寫作思路捌木,也提供了一些有價(jià)值的內(nèi)容,并幫我節(jié)約了寫作時(shí)間嫉戚。
啟動(dòng)新藥臨床試驗(yàn)是一個(gè)復(fù)雜刨裆、多步驟的過程,需要遵守國內(nèi)(CDE)和國際組織(如ICH)制定的各項(xiàng)法規(guī)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)彬檀。
制定新藥臨床試驗(yàn)法規(guī)的目的帆啃,是確保受試者的安全性、治療的合規(guī)性窍帝、試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的可靠性努潘,以及新藥獲批上市的合法性。
下面是你在開展一項(xiàng)臨床試驗(yàn)前坤学,需要學(xué)習(xí)臨床試驗(yàn)法規(guī)和文件疯坤。
1. 《藥物臨床試驗(yàn)質(zhì)量管理規(guī)范(GCP)》
藥物臨床試驗(yàn)質(zhì)量管理規(guī)范(Good Clinical Practice,GCP)是藥物臨床試驗(yàn)全過程的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)深浮,包括方案設(shè)計(jì)压怠、組織實(shí)施、監(jiān)查飞苇、稽查菌瘫、記錄、分析布卡、總結(jié)和報(bào)告突梦。
GCP定義了申辦方(藥企)、研究員羽利、倫理委員會(huì)和監(jiān)管當(dāng)局的職責(zé)宫患,并為知情同意、不良事件報(bào)告和數(shù)據(jù)管理提供了指導(dǎo)方針这弧。
可以說娃闲,GCP是臨床試驗(yàn)的圣經(jīng)。
1977年美國《聯(lián)邦管理法典》中首次提出GCP的概念匾浪,并在1977年-1981頒布一系列相關(guān)法規(guī)明確了申辦者皇帮,研究者及監(jiān)查員的職責(zé),受試者權(quán)益保護(hù)等蛋辈,這些均構(gòu)成了GCP的核心內(nèi)容属拾。
1996 年 5 月将谊,國際人用藥品注冊技術(shù)要求協(xié)調(diào)會(huì)議(International Conference on Harmonization,ICH)頒布了ICH GCP(目前現(xiàn)行的ICH-GCP是2016年11月9日發(fā)布的ICH E6(R2))渐白。
2020年4月26日尊浓,國家藥品監(jiān)督管理局與國家衛(wèi)健委聯(lián)合發(fā)布新版《藥物臨床試驗(yàn)質(zhì)量管理規(guī)范》, 2020年7月1日起施行纯衍。
沙利度胺事件的悲劧俺荨(“海豹胎事件”)使得人們認(rèn)識(shí)到了藥品進(jìn)行獨(dú)立評(píng)估的重要性,歐盟襟诸、日本和美國聯(lián)合成立ICH瓦堵,協(xié)調(diào)全球藥品開發(fā)和注冊。后來歌亲,越來越多的國家申請(qǐng)加入ICH菇用。
2017 年6 月,中國正式加入國際人用藥品注冊技術(shù)要求協(xié)調(diào)會(huì)(ICH)陷揪,標(biāo)志著我國藥品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在國際合作領(lǐng)域邁出重要的一步惋鸥。
2. ICH制定的系列指南
除了GCP,ICH制定了系列新藥開發(fā)相關(guān)指南鹅龄,包括:
質(zhì)量Q、有效性E亭畜、安全性S扮休、多學(xué)科M4個(gè)領(lǐng)域。
質(zhì)量Q系列包括進(jìn)行穩(wěn)定性研究拴鸵、雜質(zhì)限度和更靈活的GMP玷坠,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的質(zhì)量方法等關(guān)鍵性里程碑,共27個(gè)指南劲藐。
安全性S系列包括八堡,以發(fā)現(xiàn)致癌性、遺傳毒性和生殖毒性等潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)共16個(gè)指南聘芜。
有效性E系列包括臨床試驗(yàn)的設(shè)計(jì)兄渺、實(shí)施、安全性和報(bào)告汰现,還涵蓋新型生物技術(shù)衍生藥物和使用藥物遺傳學(xué)/基因組學(xué)技術(shù)生產(chǎn)的靶向藥物等24個(gè)指南挂谍。
多學(xué)科M系列包括《ICH國際醫(yī)學(xué)用語詞典》術(shù)語集(MedDRA),通用技術(shù)文件(CTD)和電子監(jiān)管信息轉(zhuǎn)移標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(ESTRI)等10個(gè)指南瞎饲。
3. 各國監(jiān)管部門的要求
每個(gè)國家都有自己的監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)口叙,負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)督臨床試驗(yàn)的批準(zhǔn)和開展。
在美國嗅战,食品和藥物監(jiān)督管理局(FDA)負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)管臨床試驗(yàn)妄田。
在歐盟,歐洲藥品管理局(European Medicines Agency,EMA)監(jiān)管臨床試驗(yàn)疟呐,而且歐盟成員國也有自己的藥品監(jiān)管部門脚曾。
在中國,國家藥品監(jiān)督管理局(National Medical Products Administration萨醒,NMPA)負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)管臨床試驗(yàn)斟珊。
如果從事國際臨床試驗(yàn),熟悉不同地區(qū)監(jiān)管要求非常重要富纸,包括臨床試驗(yàn)(IND)申請(qǐng)囤踩、倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)程序,以及試驗(yàn)參與者知情同意書的準(zhǔn)備晓褪。
4. 《赫爾辛基宣言》
《赫爾辛基宣言》在1964年6月第18屆世界醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)大會(huì)通過堵漱,是一份以人作為受試對(duì)象的生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究的倫理原則。
《赫爾辛基宣言》為保護(hù)臨床試驗(yàn)受試者的權(quán)益提供了指導(dǎo)原則涣仿,包括知情同意勤庐、獲益、個(gè)人隱私好港、安慰劑對(duì)照愉镰,以及對(duì)弱勢群體的保護(hù)。
總結(jié)
在開始新的藥物臨床試驗(yàn)之前钧汹,熟悉以上規(guī)定和文件非常重要丈探,可以確保臨床試驗(yàn)符合倫理和國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
下面是chatGPT生成的原文拔莱。
Starting a new drug clinical trial is a complex and multi-step process that requires compliance with various regulations and standards set by national and international organizations. These regulations and documents aim to ensure the safety and ethical treatment of human subjects, the validity and reliability of trial data, and the approval and marketing of new drugs.
1. Good Clinical Practice (GCP)
GCP is an international ethical and scientific quality standard for the design, conduct, performance, monitoring, auditing, recording, analyses, and reporting of clinical trials. GCP defines the responsibilities of trial sponsors, investigators, ethics committees, and regulatory authorities, and provides guidelines for informed consent, adverse event reporting, and data management.
2.International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Guidelines
The ICH is a global organization that harmonizes the development and registration of pharmaceuticals in the European Union (EU), Japan, and the United States (US). The ICH provides guidelines for various aspects of clinical trial design, conduct, and reporting, including GCP, pre-clinical safety evaluation, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and statistical considerations.
3. Local regulatory requirements
Each country has its own regulatory authorities that oversee the approval and conduct of clinical trials. In the US, for example, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for regulating clinical trials, while in the EU, each member state has its national competent authority. It is important to familiarize yourself with the local regulatory requirements, including the submission of an investigational new drug (IND) application, obtaining ethics committee approval, and obtaining informed consent from trial participants.
4. Declaration of Helsinki The Declaration of Helsinki is a set of ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects, adopted by the World Medical Association in 1964. The Declaration provides guidelines for the protection of trial participants, including the principles of informed consent, beneficrimination, and confidentiality, as well as the use of placebo controls and the treatment of vulnerable populations.
5.International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) E6(R2)
(ICH E6(R2) 就是GCP碗降,與前面的GCP部分的內(nèi)容是重復(fù)的。這是chatGPT 內(nèi)容生成這篇文章的瑕疵)塘秦。
The ICH E6(R2) guideline is a widely accepted standard for the conduct of clinical trials that provides guidance on the design, conduct, monitoring, and reporting of trials. The guideline covers key aspects of clinical trial design and management, such as trial objectives, study populations, sample size, and endpoints.
In conclusion, it is important to familiarize yourself with these regulations and documents before starting a new drug clinical trial to ensure that the trial is conducted ethically and in compliance with international standards.
References:
? International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) Guidelines. (n.d.). Retrieved February 7, 2023, from https://www.ich.org/products/guidelines/efficacy/article/efficacy-guidelines.html
? World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. (n.d.). Retrieved February 7, 2023, from https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/
? Good Clinical Practice (GCP) for Clinical Trials. (n.d.). Retrieved February 7, 2023, from https://www.fda.gov/drugs/investigational-new-drug-ind-application/good-clinical-practice-gcp-clinical-trials