demo已經寫好很久了,懶癌證復發(fā)一直沒上傳~開始進入正題
本文主要是用來練習如何實現(xiàn)直播功能,既推流+拉流,真正的視頻聊天并不是這么做的╮(╯╰)╭ 咱們的目的是學會如何實現(xiàn)直播功能
說下簡單的步驟:搭建本地服務器->推流->拉流->perfect <(￣￣)> 哇哈哈…
實現(xiàn)原理:既向一個服務器同時進行推流和拉流,只不過對應的"房間號"不同而已,比如A和B住在同一棟樓(IP地址),A從B的房間拿東西(拉流)并且A向自己的房間放東西(推流);B向A的得房間拿東西(拉流)并且B向自己的房間放東西(推流);此時只要輸入正確的房間號就可以實現(xiàn)了
服務器
首先你要找到一個測試服務器或者創(chuàng)建本地Nginx服務器,搭建本地服務器請看JJAAIR的文章Mac搭建nginx+rtmp服務器
注意注意,搭建服務器配置nginx.conf文件時,application可以隨便寫,但要記住,后面會用到
nginx.conf
概述
現(xiàn)在開始創(chuàng)建xcode文件吧~推流端用的是LFLiveKit框架,拉流用IJKPlayer,先看下整個文件目錄
文件目錄
是的,沒有看錯,幾個文件就能完成整個推拉流的過程╮(╯╰)╭ 主要實現(xiàn)是HBVideoChatViewController文件
//
// HBVideoChatViewController.m
// 視頻聊天
@interface HBVideoChatViewController ()<LFLiveSessionDelegate>
//當前區(qū)域網所在IP地址
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *ipAddress;
//我的房間號
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *myRoom;
//別人的房間號
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *othersRoom;
//ip后綴(如果用本地服務器,則為在nginx.conf文件中寫的rtmplive)
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *suffix;
//大視圖
@property (nonatomic,weak) UIView *bigView;
//小視圖
@property (nonatomic,weak) UIView *smallView;
//播放器
@property (nonatomic,strong) IJKFFMoviePlayerController *player;
//推流會話
@property (nonatomic,strong) LFLiveSession *session;
@end
推流
LFLiveKit這個推流框架的關鍵類是LFLiveSession,也是依靠著個類來實現(xiàn)推流的,底層的實現(xiàn)則是對ffmpeg的封裝,有興趣的童鞋可以去研究研究,廢話少說上代碼~
首先,創(chuàng)建session并進行一些配置
- (LFLiveSession *)session{
if (_session == nil) {
//初始化session要傳入音頻配置和視頻配置
//音頻的默認配置為:采樣率44.1 雙聲道
//視頻默認分辨率為360 * 640
_session = [[LFLiveSession alloc] initWithAudioConfiguration:[LFLiveAudioConfiguration defaultConfiguration] videoConfiguration:[LFLiveVideoConfiguration defaultConfigurationForQuality:LFLiveVideoQuality_Low1] ];
//設置返回的視頻顯示在指定的view上
_session.preView = self.smallView;
_session.delegate = self;
//是否輸出調試信息
_session.showDebugInfo = NO;
}
return _session;
}
LFLiveAudioConfiguration和LFLiveVideoConfiguration都可以進行定制,配置的高低影響傳輸?shù)乃俣群唾|量,具體的文檔都有中文注釋寫得很清楚
接著向系統(tǒng)請求設備授權
/**
* 請求攝像頭資源
*/
- (void)requesetAccessForVideo{
__weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
//判斷授權狀態(tài)
AVAuthorizationStatus status = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
switch (status) {
case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{
//發(fā)起授權請求
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
if (granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
//運行會話
[weakSelf.session setRunning:YES];
});
}
}];
break;
}
case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:{
//已授權則繼續(xù)
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[weakSelf.session setRunning:YES];
});
break;
}
default:
break;
}
}
/**
* 請求音頻資源
*/
- (void)requesetAccessForMedio{
__weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
//判斷授權狀態(tài)
AVAuthorizationStatus status = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
switch (status) {
case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{
//發(fā)起授權請求
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {
if (granted) {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
//運行會話
[weakSelf.session setRunning:YES];
});
}
}];
break;
}
case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:{
//已授權則繼續(xù)
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[weakSelf.session setRunning:YES];
});
break;
}
default:
break;
}
}
通過代理方法來處理連接異常
//連接錯誤回調
- (void)liveSession:(nullable LFLiveSession *)session errorCode:(LFLiveSocketErrorCode)errorCode{
//彈出警告
UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"Warning" message:@"連接錯誤,請檢查IP地址后重試" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
UIAlertAction *sure = [UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"sure" style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}];
[alert addAction:sure];
[self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:nil];
}
全部設置好就可以開始推流啦~
- (void)viewDidLoad{
...
// 推流端
[self requesetAccessForVideo];
[self requesetAccessForMedio];
[self startLive];
...
}
- (void)startLive{
//RTMP要設置推流地址
LFLiveStreamInfo *streamInfo = [LFLiveStreamInfo new];
streamInfo.url = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"rtmp://%@:1935/%@/%@",self.ipAddress,self.suffix,self.myRoom];
[self.session startLive:streamInfo];
}
- (void)stopLive{
[self.session stopLive];
}
拉流
用IJKPlayer進行拉流,具體的編譯和集成步驟可以看iOS中集成ijkplayer視頻直播框架,也可以直接將我編譯好的IJK拖到項目中即可,在文章最后會給出下載地址
對播放器進行初始化
-(IJKFFMoviePlayerController *)player{
if (_player == nil) {
IJKFFOptions *options = [IJKFFOptions optionsByDefault];
_player = [[IJKFFMoviePlayerController alloc] initWithContentURLString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"rtmp://%@:1935/%@/%@",self.ipAddress,self.suffix,self.othersRoom] withOptions:options];
//設置填充模式
_player.scalingMode = IJKMPMovieScalingModeAspectFill;
//設置播放視圖
_player.view.frame = self.bigView.bounds;
[self.bigView addSubview:_player.view];
//設置自動播放
_player.shouldAutoplay = YES;
[_player prepareToPlay];
}
return _player;
}
設置播放器播放通知監(jiān)聽
- (void)initPlayerObserver{
//監(jiān)聽網絡狀態(tài)改變
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(loadStateDidChange:) name:IJKMPMoviePlayerLoadStateDidChangeNotification object:self.player];
//監(jiān)聽播放網絡狀態(tài)改變
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(playStateDidChange:) name:IJKMPMoviePlayerPlaybackStateDidChangeNotification object:self.player];
}
//網絡狀態(tài)改變通知響應
- (void)loadStateDidChange:(NSNotification *)notification{
IJKMPMovieLoadState loadState = self.player.loadState;
if ((loadState & IJKMPMovieLoadStatePlaythroughOK) != 0) {
NSLog(@"LoadStateDidChange: 可以開始播放的狀態(tài): %d\\n",(int)loadState);
}else if ((loadState & IJKMPMovieLoadStateStalled) != 0) {
NSLog(@"loadStateDidChange: IJKMPMovieLoadStateStalled: %d\\n", (int)loadState);
} else {
NSLog(@"loadStateDidChange: ???: %d\\n", (int)loadState);
}
}
//播放狀態(tài)改變通知響應
- (void)playStateDidChange:(NSNotification *)notification{
switch (_player.playbackState) {
case IJKMPMoviePlaybackStateStopped:
NSLog(@"IJKMPMoviePlayBackStateDidChange %d: stoped", (int)_player.playbackState);
break;
case IJKMPMoviePlaybackStatePlaying:
NSLog(@"IJKMPMoviePlayBackStateDidChange %d: playing", (int)_player.playbackState);
break;
case IJKMPMoviePlaybackStatePaused:
NSLog(@"IJKMPMoviePlayBackStateDidChange %d: paused", (int)_player.playbackState);
break;
case IJKMPMoviePlaybackStateInterrupted:
NSLog(@"IJKMPMoviePlayBackStateDidChange %d: interrupted", (int)_player.playbackState);
break;
case IJKMPMoviePlaybackStateSeekingForward:
case IJKMPMoviePlaybackStateSeekingBackward: {
NSLog(@"IJKMPMoviePlayBackStateDidChange %d: seeking", (int)_player.playbackState);
break;
}
default: {
NSLog(@"IJKMPMoviePlayBackStateDidChange %d: unknown", (int)_player.playbackState);
break;
}
}
}
接著在viewDidLoad中調用方法并開始播放
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
...
// 播放端
[self initPlayerObserver];
[self.player play];
}
大功告成,現(xiàn)在只要傳入正確的參數(shù)就能實現(xiàn)視頻聊天啦╰(￣￣)╮
//
// HBVideoChatViewController.h
// 視頻聊天
//
// Created by apple on 16/8/9.
// Copyright ? 2016年 yhb. All rights reserved.
//
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface HBVideoChatViewController : UIViewController
/**
* 創(chuàng)建視頻聊天播放器
*
* @param IPAddress 兩個人共同所在的區(qū)域網
* @param myRoom 我的推流后綴地址(隨便寫,只要與別人的othersRoom相同即可)
* @param othersRoom 別人的推流地址
*
*/
- (instancetype)initWithIPAddress:(NSString *)ipAddress MyRoom:(NSString *)myRoom othersRoom:(NSString *)othersRoom;
@end
輔助文件
在MainViewController中導入剛寫的文件并設置一個alertView來傳入參數(shù)
//
// TestViewController.m
// VideoChat
//
// Created by apple on 16/8/10.
// Copyright ? 2016年 yhb. All rights reserved.
//
#import "MainViewController.h"
#import "HBVideoChatViewController.h"
@interface MainViewController ()
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *ipAddress;
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *myRoom;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *othersRoom;
@end
@implementation MainViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
[self setButton];
}
- (void)setButton{
UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];
[button setTitle:@"跳轉到視頻聊天界面" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
button.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 200, 50);
button.center = self.view.center;
[button addTarget:self action:@selector(buttonClick) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self.view addSubview:button];
}
- (void)buttonClick{
//彈出輸入框
UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"Info" message:@"請輸入詳細信息" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
[alert addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler:^(UITextField * _Nonnull textField) {
textField.placeholder = @"請輸入區(qū)域網IP";
}];
[alert addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler:^(UITextField * _Nonnull textField) {
textField.placeholder = @"請輸入你的房間號";
}];
[alert addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler:^(UITextField * _Nonnull textField) {
textField.placeholder = @"請輸入對方的房間號";
}];
//點擊確定按鈕跳轉界面
UIAlertAction *sure = [UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"確定" style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
// @"192.168.15.32"
//取到文本數(shù)據傳值
HBVideoChatViewController *viewController = [[HBVideoChatViewController alloc] initWithIPAddress:[alert.textFields[0] text] MyRoom:[alert.textFields[1] text] othersRoom:[alert.textFields[2] text]];
[self.navigationController pushViewController:viewController animated:YES];
}];
//取消按鈕
UIAlertAction *cancel = [UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"取消" style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:nil];
[alert addAction:sure];
[alert addAction:cancel];
[self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:nil];
}
@end
現(xiàn)在用終端推下桌面測試下,模擬器沒攝像頭所以就沒畫面了╮(╯_╰)╭
在終端輸入
ffmpeg -f avfoundation -i "1" -vcodec libx264 -preset ultrafast -acodec libfaac -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/rtmplive/home
將自己的桌面推送到服務器上,然后運行模擬器,輸入對應IP地址,效果如下
rtmp://localhost:1935/rtmplive/home是我本地的服務器,對應的是自己的IP,我的是192.168.15.30,見下圖
注意:用真機測試時,要確保手機wifi連接到所搭建服務器的區(qū)域網
視頻聊天.gif
測試了下大概有35秒的延遲,現(xiàn)在在同一區(qū)域網下輸入對方的房間號就可以實現(xiàn)視頻聊天啦
完整項目:Github
網絡服務器(不一定可用):rtmp://60.174.36.89:1935/live/xxx
打包好的IJKPlayer:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1o7Frs06
下載解壓后直接拖進項目即可
一些關于直播原理和延遲卡頓優(yōu)化的文章:
http://blog.csdn.net/zhonggaorong/article/details/51483282
http://toutiao.com/i6278412629417394689/
http://blog.ucloud.cn/archives/694
最后最后
送上一個個人對直播的見解(一般面試會問的內容)
直播.png
文章對你有幫助的話請在Github幫我點顆星星~有什么疑問請直接留言
