練習(xí)材料：Lesson 10?Not for jazz?
We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681.Our clavichord is kept in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
任務(wù)配置：L0+L4
知識(shí)筆記：
instrument/??nstr?m?nt/樂(lè)器
clavichord/?kl?v?k?:rd/擊弦古鋼琴
strike - struck - struck
?string（樂(lè)器的）弦
一扭吁、動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞杨何，單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)谋减。不能與助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。它的詞性與動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)一樣。 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式可分為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化如下：
1价匠、一般情況下，動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -ed 央星，如：
worked played wanted acted
2霞怀、以不發(fā)音的 -e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -d莉给，如：
lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
3毙石、以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把-y變?yōu)?i 再加-ed颓遏，如：
studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied
4徐矩、以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母叁幢，再加 -ed滤灯，如：
stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped
5、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng)曼玩，須多加記憶鳞骤。
go - went，make - made黍判， get - got 豫尽，buy - bought ，come - came 顷帖，fly-flew 美旧，is/am-was， are-were 贬墩，see-saw 榴嗅，bring-brought，do-did陶舞，teach-taught, think-thought, are-were, say-said,sit-sat.
二嗽测、動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式，也叫非限定性動(dòng)詞肿孵。不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)唠粥，只能與助動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)优炬。如:“have/has/had +過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài);“be+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)等。它相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞或副詞厅贪，在句中起一個(gè)形容詞或副詞的作用，可作表語(yǔ)雅宾、定語(yǔ)养涮、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等。它的作用與現(xiàn)在分詞doing類似眉抬。過(guò)去分詞表的意義是被動(dòng)或完成贯吓。
三、不過(guò)蜀变，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞最主要的區(qū)別是:過(guò)去式是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞悄谐，而過(guò)去分詞是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞或副詞库北。
練習(xí)感悟：有點(diǎn)開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)拖延癥的傾向了爬舰，堅(jiān)持住
