重量
千克(kilogram,kg.)搏色,公噸(metric ton,m/t)善茎,長噸(long ton ,l/t),短噸(short ton,s/t)频轿,盎司(ounce,oz.)
一般天然產(chǎn)品垂涯、部分工業(yè)制成品,如羊毛航邢、棉花耕赘、谷物、礦產(chǎn)品等
容積
蒲式耳(bushel,bu.)膳殷,公升(liter,l.)操骡,加侖(gallon,gal.)
谷物類以及部分流體、氣體物品赚窃,如小麥册招、玉米、汽油勒极、天然瓦斯等
個數(shù)
只(piece,pc.)是掰,件(package,pkg.),雙(pair)河质,套(set)冀惭,打(dozen,doz.),卷(roll或coil)掀鹅,羅(gross,gr.)散休,輛(unit),頭(head)乐尊,袋(bag),箱(case)戚丸,包(bale)
一般日用工業(yè)制品以及雜貨類商品,如文具扔嵌、紙張限府、玩具、成衣痢缎、車輛胁勺、活牲畜等
長度
碼(yard,yd.),米(meter,m.)独旷,英尺(foot,ft.)署穗,厘米(centimeter,cm.)
紡織品寥裂、繩索、電線電纜等
面積
平方米(square meter,m2)案疲,平方碼(square yard,yd2)封恰,平方英尺(square foot,ft2),平方英寸(square inch)
皮制商品褐啡、塑料商品等诺舔,如塑料篷布、塑料地板备畦、皮革等
體積
立方米(cubic meter,m3)低飒,立方碼(cubic yard,yd3),立方英尺(cubic foot,ft3)懂盐,立方英寸(cubic inch)
化學(xué)氣體逸嘀、木材等
1. weight 重量
2. metric ton 公噸
3. long ton 長噸
4. short ton 短噸
5. kilogram, kilo, kg 公斤
6. pound, lb 磅
7. ounce, oz 盎司
8. number 個數(shù)
9. piece 件
10. pair 雙
11 dozen 打
12. ream 令
13. set 套
14. length 長度
15. area 面積
16. volume 體積
17. cubic meter 立方米
18. capacity 容積
19. litre 升
20. gallon 加侖
21. bushel 蒲式耳
22. metric system 公制
23. british system 英制
24. U.S.System 美制
25. gross weight 毛重
26. net weight 凈重
27. shipping weight 裝運重量
28. landed weight 卸貨重量
29. theoretical weight 理論重量
a drop of water 一滴水
a?flood?of?moonlight?一片月光?
a?flood?of?light?一大片強光????
a?flood?of?people人潮如涌????
a?flood?of?words口若懸河????
a?flood?of?tears淚如泉涌
a?wisp?of?smoke?一縷煙/一股煙?
a?wisp?of?a?smile?一絲微笑?
a?pane?of?glass?一塊玻璃?
a?layer?of?rock?一層巖石?
a?cloud?of?smoke?一團煙霧
a?beam?of?light?一束光線?
a?blade?of?grass?一片草葉?
a?block?of?wood?一塊木頭?
a?cube?of?sugar?一塊方糖
a?roll?of?newspaper?一卷報紙
a?cone?of?icecream?一個蛋卷冰淇淋?a?bar?of?chocolate?一塊巧克力?a?stack?of?hay?一堆乾草?a?loaf?of?bread?一個面包?a?grain?of?rice?一粒米?a?cake?of?soap?一塊肥皂?a?dash?of?salt?一撮鹽?a?coil?of?wire?一卷電線?a?roll?of?tobacco一卷煙草?a?roll?of?bread?一塊面包?a?ball?of?wool??一個毛線球?a?glimmer?of?hope?一線希望?a?thread?of?hope一線希望?a?thread?of?smoke一縷青煙?A?piece?of?such?cord一根細絲?a?thread?of?water細細的一條流水
a?mouthful?of?sweet?country?air一口新鮮的鄉(xiāng)村空氣?a?handful?of?corn?一把玉米?a?handful?of?people?少數(shù)幾個人
a?group?of?people?[trees,?houses]一群人[一片樹林,?一片房子]
an?army?of?elephants?一群大象?a?pack?/?throng?of?wolves?一群狼?a?batch?of?dogs?一群狗?a?brood?of?chicks?一群小雞?a?hive?of?bees?一群蜜蜂?a?host?of?monkeys?一群猴子?a?school?of?fish?一群魚
a?swarm?of?locusts?一群蝗蟲?a?team?/?field?of?horses一群馬?a?gang?of?elks?一群駝鹿
a?burst?of?laughter?一陣笑聲?a?gust?of?wind?一股風(fēng)?a?web?of?railroad?鐵路網(wǎng)
a?train?of?thoughts?一連串的想法?a?nice?cup?of?tea?一杯好茶?a?thin?coat?of?ice?一層薄冰
a?stagnant?pool?of?water?一潭死水
a?beautiful?stretch?of?field?一片美麗的原野?a?pair?of?glasses?一副眼鏡
a?pair?of?scissors?一把剪刀?a?pair?of?pliers一把鉗子
a?pair?of?spectacles?一副眼鏡?a?pair?of?trousers?一條褲子?a?pair?of?shoes一雙鞋?a?pair?of?pant?一條褲子?a?pair?of?dancers一對舞伴?a?pair?of?stairs一段樓梯?a?pair?of?pliers?一把剪鉗?a?piece?of?paper?一張紙
a?piece?of?information?一條消息?an?article?of?clothes?一件衣物?a?cup?of?water?一杯水
a?packet?of?cigarettes?一盒香煙
a?basket?of?vegetables?一籃子蔬菜
在英語里其實沒有量詞這一詞類,在漢語里所說的"一頭牛"允粤、"一匹馬"、"一只筆"翼岁、"一本書"类垫,在英語里并沒有區(qū)別:"a cow"、"a horse"琅坡、"a pen"悉患、"a book",都是冠詞后面加上可數(shù)名詞榆俺。
在漢語里有許多簡單的物品售躁,在英語里則需要成雙成對的表達:
a pair of glasses(一副眼鏡)
a pair of scissors(一把剪刀)
a pair of spectacles(一副眼鏡)
a pair of trousers(一條褲子)
a pair of pants(一條褲子)
a pair of pliers(一把剪鉗)
英語的... of ...結(jié)構(gòu)既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞茴晋,如:
a piece of paper(一張紙)
a piece of information(一條消息)
an article of clothes(一件衣物)
漢語里的表示度量衡量的量詞在英語里可以找到相應(yīng)的表達結(jié)構(gòu)陪捷,即... of ...。比如:
a cup of water(一杯水)
a packet of cigarettes(一盒香煙)
a basket of vegetables(一籃子蔬菜)
最有意思的就是英語關(guān)于各種動物群體的稱呼了诺擅,各不相同市袖。如:
an army of elephants(一群大象)
a pack / throng of wolves(一群狼)
a batch of dogs(一群狗)
a brood of chicks(一群小雞)
a hive of bees(一群蜜蜂)
a host of monkeys(一群猴子)
a school of fish(一群魚)
a swarm of locusts(一群蝗蟲)
a team / field of horses(一群馬)
a gang of elks(一群駝鹿)
我們前面講了英語中量詞與漢語中的量詞有很多是對應(yīng)不上的。不過漢語中許多形象量詞烁涌,在英語里是能夠找到對應(yīng)的苍碟,如:
a head of garlic(一頭蒜);
a drop of water(一滴水);
a flood of moonlight(一片月光)撮执;
a wisp of smoke(一縷煙)微峰;
a pane of glass(一塊玻璃);
a layer of rock(一層巖石)抒钱;
a cloud of smoke(一團煙霧)蜓肆;
a beam of light(一束光線)颜凯;
a blade of grass(一片草葉);
a block of wood(一塊木頭)症杏;
a cube of sugar(一塊方糖)装获;
a roll of newspaper(一卷報紙);
a cone of icecream(一個蛋卷冰淇淋)厉颤;
a bar of chocolate(一塊巧克力)穴豫;
a stack of hay(一堆乾草);
a loaf of bread(一個面包)逼友;
a grain of rice(一粒米)精肃;
a cake of soap(一塊肥皂);
a dash of salt(一撮鹽)帜乞;
a coil of wire(一卷電線)司抱;
a ball of wool(一個毛線球)。
許多形象量詞黎烈,不僅說明了數(shù)量习柠,還有動態(tài)和修辭的含意,比如:
a glimmer of hope(一線希望)照棋;
a burst of laughter(一陣笑聲)资溃;
a gust of wind(一陣風(fēng));
a web of railroad(鐵路網(wǎng))烈炭;
a train of thoughts(一連串的想法)等等溶锭。
英語和漢語關(guān)于表示數(shù)量的詞的用法還有一點不同。
漢語說"一杯好茶"符隙,在英語里則成了"一好杯茶:a nice cup of tea"趴捅。類似的例子還有:
a thin coat of ice(一層薄冰);
a stagnant pool of water(一潭死水)霹疫;
a beautiful stretch of field(一片美麗的原野)等等拱绑。
在英語中,有很多量詞詞組丽蝎,例如:a group of欺栗,a flock of, a bunch of征峦,a bundle of等等.本文對量詞詞組粗略地歸納了以下的特點迟几,具體表現(xiàn)為:
特點一:英語量詞詞組所表示的數(shù)或量,大致可歸納為四種類型栏笆,即定量类腮、不定量、大量和少量蛉加。
1.表示定量的量詞詞組蚜枢,譬如:
a couple of(兩個缸逃、一對)—a couple of days,a couple of players厂抽,a couple of times
a cupful of(一滿杯)—a cupful of jelly需频,a cupful of water
a portion of(一份/客)—a portion of duck,a portion of roast beef
2.表示不定量的量詞詞組筷凤,譬如:
a majority of(大多數(shù)/大半)—a majority of opinions昭殉,a majority of votes
an atom of(一點)—an atom of food,an atom of truth
a spell of(一陣/一段時間)—a spell of fine weather藐守,a spell of coughing
3.表示大量的量詞詞組挪丢,譬如:
a flood of—a flood of ink(洋洋大篇),a flood of tears(淚如泉涌)
a heap of—a heap of earth(一堆泥土)卢厂,a heap of customers(許多顧客)
a mountain of—a mountain of debts(債臺高筑)乾蓬,a mountain of difficulties(困難重重)
4.表示少量的量詞詞組,譬如:
a drop of—a drop of fever(有點熱度)慎恒,a drop of dew(一點露水)
a particle of—a particle of feeling(一絲感情)任内,a particle of dust(一點灰塵)
a shadow of—a shadow of doubt(一點懷疑),a shadow of freedom(一點自由)
特點二:有些數(shù)量詞組修飾可數(shù)名詞融柬,有些數(shù)量詞組修飾不可數(shù)名詞族奢,還有些則兩者均可修飾。
1.修飾不可數(shù)名詞的量詞詞組丹鸿,譬如:
a bit of—a bit of English(一點英語),a bit of good advice(一些好意見)棚品,a bit of interest(一點興趣)
a shred of—a shred of evidence(一點證據(jù))靠欢,a shred of cloth(少量布),a shred of reputation(一點聲譽)
a sheet of—a sheet of glass(一塊玻璃)铜跑,a sheet of water(一片汪洋)
2.修飾可數(shù)名詞的量詞詞組门怪,譬如:
a cluster of—a cluster of flowers(一簇花),a cluster of spectators(一群觀眾)锅纺,a cluster of bright stars(閃爍群星)
a string of—a string of pearls(一串珠子)掷空,a string of curses(連續(xù)不斷的咒罵),a string of excuses(一連串借口)
a scram of—a scram of mosquitoes(一群蚊子)囤锉,a scram of geese(一群鵝)坦弟,a scram of children(一群孩子)
3.修飾(不)可數(shù)名詞的量詞詞組,譬如:
a body of—a body of bees(一群蜜蜂)官地,a body of cold air(一股冷空氣)酿傍,a body of facts(許多事實)
a block of—a block of ice(一大塊冰),a block of flats(一幢公寓)驱入,a block of houses(一排房子)
a chain of—a chain of ideas(一系列想法)赤炒,a chain of accidents(一連串事故)氯析,a chain of proof(一連串證據(jù))
特點三:有些數(shù)量詞組的搭配是固定的,而有些搭配則比較靈活莺褒。
1.搭配固定的量詞詞組掩缓,譬如:
a barrel of—a barrel of beer(一桶啤酒),a barrel of crude oil(一桶原油)
a basket of—a basket of eggs(一籃雞蛋)遵岩,a basket of apples(一籃蘋果)
a line of—a line of trees(一行樹)你辣,a line of poetry(一行詩)
2.搭配較靈活的量詞詞組,譬如:
a piece of—a piece of paper(一張紙)旷余,a piece of furniture(一件家具)绢记,a piece of equipment(一臺設(shè)備)
a round of—a round of spirit(一巡酒),a round of diplomatic talks(一輪外交談判)正卧,a round of toast(一片烤面包)
a bar of—a bar of chocolate(一塊巧克力)蠢熄,a bar of soap(一條肥皂),a bar of light(一束光)
我們都知道漢語有大量的量詞,其實英語也有不少量詞,區(qū)別在于:(1)英語中的量詞不是一個單獨的詞類而是名詞下的一個小類;(2)英語中的量詞不能用來表示單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的量;(3)英語中的量詞通常被稱為單位詞或其他一些名稱. 由于上述原因,英語中的量詞沒有受到足夠多的重視,學(xué)生往往只知道很少幾個量詞,而且還經(jīng)常因為不能確定它們的搭配而煩惱.為了方便同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)和使用,我們把英語中的量詞分為以下幾個類別并列舉了一些常見的量詞及搭配: 1. 一般性的表示個數(shù)的量詞:
這一組中主要有piece,?bit,?item,?article?等詞,但piece具有獨特的地位,在使用其他詞的地方一般都可使用piece?代替之.比如:
piece?a?piece?of?meat/paper/bread/music/information/furniture/machinery,?etc.?一片肉/一張紙/一片面包/一首曲子/一條信息/一件家具/一臺機器等?bit?a?bit?of?news/wood/advice/trouble,?etc.?一條消息/一塊木頭/一條建議/一件麻煩事等
item?an?item?of?news/crime/program/business,?etc.?一條新聞/一宗罪行/一個項目/一筆生意等
article?an?article?of?export/?furniture/?clothing/?luggage,?etc.?一宗出口/一件家具/一件衣服/一件行李等?2.?以形狀表示個數(shù)的量詞:
bar?a?bar?of?chocolate/candy?一塊巧克力/一塊糖
bunch?a?bunch?of?flowers/grapes/?keys?一束花/一串葡萄/一串鑰匙?cake?a?cake?of?soap/ice一塊肥皂/一塊冰
cluster?a?cluster?of?stars/flowers/animals一群星/一束花/一群動物?comb?a?comb?of?bananas?一串香蕉
drop?a?drop?of?rain/?blood?一滴雨/一滴血?ear?an?ear?of?corn/wheat一棒玉米/一穗麥子
flight?a?flight?of?stairs/arrows/sparrows一段樓梯/一陣箭雨/一群麻雀?flock?a?flock?of?workmen/criminals/boys?一群工人/一伙罪犯/一群男孩?head?a?head?of?cabbage/cauliflower/sheep?一頭卷心菜/一塊花菜/一頭羊?lump?a?lump?of?sugar/coal/clay一塊糖/一塊煤/一塊土?spiral?a?spiral?of?mosquito?incense?一盤蚊香
slice?a?slice?of?meat/bread/beef一片肉/一片面包/一塊牛肉?swarm?a?swarm?of?bees一群蜜蜂
bevy?a?bevy?of?beauties/girls/ladies?一群美人/一群女孩/一群女士?gathering?a?gathering?of?friends一幫朋友?clump?a?clump?of?trees一叢樹林
pack?a?pack?of?rascals/wolves一群流氓/一群狼?3.?表示容積的詞:
bottle?a?bottle?of?ink/milk/wine?一瓶酒/一瓶牛奶/一瓶葡萄酒?bowl?a?bowl?of?rice/porridge?一碗米飯/一碗粥?pail?a?pail?of?water?一桶水?glass?a?glass?of?beer?一杯啤酒?cup?a?cup?of?tea?一杯茶
handful?a?handful?of?soil?一抔土?spoonful?a?spoonful?of?oil?一湯匙油?mouthful?a?mouthful?of?snow?一口雪?truckload?a?truckload?of?steel?一卡車鋼材?a?packet?of?cigarette一包煙?4.?表示行為動態(tài)的量詞:?fit?a?fit?of?laughter?一陣笑聲
var cpro_psid ="u2572954"; var cpro_pswidth =966; var cpro_psheight =120;
peal?a?peal?of?thunder?一陣雷聲?flash?a?flash?of?light?一道閃電?display?a?display?of?force?一番武力展示
提供一些英語中"量詞"詞組
在英語中炉旷,有很多量詞詞組签孔,例如:a?group?of,a?flock?of窘行,?a?bunch?of饥追,a?bundle?of等等。為了方便廣大英語學(xué)習(xí)者更好地掌握罐盔,本文對量詞詞組粗略地歸納了以下的特點但绕,具體表現(xiàn)為:
特點一:英語量詞詞組所表示的數(shù)或量,大致可歸納為四種類型惶看,即定量捏顺、不定量、大量和少量纬黎。
1.表示定量的量詞詞組幅骄,譬如:?a?couple?of(兩個、一對)—a?couple?of?days本今,a?couple?of?players拆座,a?couple?of?times
a?cupful?of(一滿杯)—a?cupful?of?jelly,a?cupful?of?water
a?portion?of(一份/客)—a?portion?of?duck冠息,a?portion?of?roast?beef?2.表示不定量的量詞詞組挪凑,譬如:?a?majority?of(大多數(shù)/大半)—a?majority?of?opinions,a?majority?of?votes?an?atom?of(一點)—an?atom?of?food逛艰,an?atom?of?truth?a?spell?of(一陣/一段時間)—a?spell?of?fine?weather岖赋,a?spell?of?coughing?3.表示大量的量詞詞組,譬如:
a?flood?of—a?flood?of?ink(洋洋大篇)瓮孙,a?flood?of?tears(淚如泉涌)?a?heap?of—a?heap?of?earth(一堆泥土)唐断,a?heap?of?customers(許多顧客)?a?mountain?of—a?mountain?of?debts(債臺高筑)选脊,a?mountain?of?difficulties(困難重重)
4.表示少量的量詞詞組,譬如:
a?drop?of—a?drop?of?fever(有點熱度)脸甘,a?drop?of?dew(一點露水)?a?particle?of—a?particle?of?feeling(一絲感情)恳啥,a?particle?of?dust(一點灰塵)
a?shadow?of—a?shadow?of?doubt(一點懷疑),a?shadow?of?freedom(一點自由)
特點二:有些數(shù)量詞組修飾可數(shù)名詞丹诀,有些數(shù)量詞組修飾不可數(shù)名詞钝的,還有些則兩者均可修飾。
1.修飾不可數(shù)名詞的量詞詞組铆遭,譬如:
a?bit?of—a?bit?of?English(一點英語)硝桩,a?bit?of?good?advice(一些好意見),a?bit?of?interest(一點興趣)
a?shred?of—a?shred?of?evidence(一點證據(jù))枚荣,a?shred?of?cloth(少量布)碗脊,a?shred?of?reputation(一點聲譽)
a?sheet?of—a?sheet?of?glass(一塊玻璃),a?sheet?of?water(一片汪洋)?2.修飾可數(shù)名詞的量詞詞組橄妆,譬如:
a?cluster?of—a?cluster?of?flowers(一簇花)衙伶,a?cluster?of?spectators(一群觀眾),a?cluster?of?bright?stars(閃爍群星)
a?string?of—a?string?of?pearls(一串珠子)害碾,a?string?of?curses(連續(xù)不斷的咒罵)矢劲,a?string?of?excuses(一連串借口)
a?scram?of—a?scram?of?mosquitoes(一群蚊子),a?scram?of?geese(一群鵝)慌随,a?scram?of?children(一群孩子)?3.修飾(不)可數(shù)名詞的量詞詞組芬沉,譬如:
a?body?of—a?body?of?bees(一群蜜蜂),a?body?of?cold?air(一股冷空氣)阁猜,a?body?of?facts(許多事實)
a?block?of—a?block?of?ice(一大塊冰)丸逸,a?block?of?flats(一幢公寓),a?block?of?houses(一排房子)
a?chain?of—a?chain?of?ideas(一系列想法)蹦漠,a?chain?of?accidents(一連串事故),a?chain?of?proof(一連串證據(jù))
特點三:有些數(shù)量詞組的搭配是固定的车海,而有些搭配則比較靈活笛园。?1.搭配固定的量詞詞組,譬如:
a?barrel?of—a?barrel?of?beer(一桶啤酒)侍芝,a?barrel?of?crude?oil(一桶原油)
a?basket?of—a?basket?of?eggs(一籃雞蛋)研铆,a?basket?of?apples(一籃蘋果)
a?line?of—a?line?of?trees(一行樹),a?line?of?poetry(一行詩)?2.搭配較靈活的量詞詞組州叠,譬如:?a?piece?of—a?piece?of?paper(一張紙)棵红,a?piece?of?furniture(一件家具),a?piece?of?equipment(一臺設(shè)備)
a?round?of—a?round?of?spirit(一巡酒)咧栗,a?round?of?diplomatic?talks(一輪外交談判)逆甜,a?round?of?toast(一片烤面包)
a?bar?of—a?bar?of?chocolate(一塊巧克力)虱肄,a?bar?of?soap(一條肥皂),a?bar?of?light(一束光)