學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程就像繪畫(huà)疮跑，看上去很簡(jiǎn)單的句子也需要投入心思胖喳。但是不能放棄以清，因?yàn)楫?dāng)你覺(jué)得一幅畫(huà)被你畫(huà)毀的時(shí)候儿普，結(jié)果不一定很差。
翻譯練習(xí)：
1.Now, smoke still rose up from the warmground over the desolate hills.
Winter was coming on and the hills threatenedthe surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only washaway the soil but would cause serious floods as well.
翻譯1：如今掷倔，在這片荒涼的山峰中眉孩，煙霧依然從灼熱的土地上緩緩升起。冬天就要來(lái)了勒葱，但山峰們的破壞威脅著四周存在的村莊浪汪，因?yàn)楸┯瓴粌H僅會(huì)沖走土地，也導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的洪災(zāi)凛虽。
官方解釋?zhuān)含F(xiàn)在死遭，煙仍然從溫暖的地面上升起，在荒涼的山丘上凯旋。
冬天即將來(lái)臨呀潭，這些山丘對(duì)周?chē)拇迩f造成了破壞钉迷，因?yàn)榇笥瓴粌H會(huì)沖走土壤，而且會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重的洪水钠署。
2.
This temptation to cover the distance betweenhimself and the reader, to study his image in the sight of those who do notknow him, can be his undoing: he has begun to write to please.
翻譯1：那些妄圖去彌補(bǔ)讀者與作家之間的距離的誘惑糠聪，用那些不理解他的人的觀點(diǎn)去學(xué)習(xí)構(gòu)造自身形象，這種行為會(huì)導(dǎo)致作家的毀滅谐鼎，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)開(kāi)始為取悅別人而寫(xiě)作了舰蟆。
官方解釋?zhuān)耗欠N想消除自己和讀者之間距離的做法，想以不熟悉自己的人的看法來(lái)研究自己塑造的形象的做法该面，會(huì)成為作者的禍根：他已經(jīng)開(kāi)始為取悅他人而創(chuàng)作了夭苗。
一，單詞與詞組
1.rise up上升;聳立;起來(lái)造反;起義
2.desolate
hills.荒涼的山丘
3.come on:快點(diǎn);開(kāi)始;前進(jìn);開(kāi)始工作
4.cover:遮蓋;掩蔽;涉及;灑上;封面;掩護(hù);覆蓋物;避難所
舉例子：Coverthecasserolewithatight-fittinglid
用大小合適的蓋子蓋住砂鍋隔缀。
Thecloudshadspreadandnearlycoveredtheentiresky
云彩擴(kuò)散開(kāi)來(lái)题造，幾乎遮住了整個(gè)天空。
5.image：影像;肖像;概念猾瘸，意向;鏡像界赔，映像；反映;想像;作…的像;象征
6.in the sight of:…..的角度
EgWeproposedtodevelopstockstructureofscientificresearchanddevelopmentorganizationinordertosolvetheproblemofefficiencyandsuggestanadministrantmodelinthesightofmanagement牵触。
章通過(guò)對(duì)我國(guó)科技組織管理及科技機(jī)構(gòu)組織形式中存在的問(wèn)題的進(jìn)行分析淮悼，從管理學(xué)的角度提出了發(fā)展股權(quán)式應(yīng)用型科研機(jī)構(gòu)的建議和應(yīng)用型科研機(jī)構(gòu)的管理模式。
二揽思，學(xué)習(xí)要求
1矾飞，理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)與含義；
2沼头，注意以下詞匯：rise up傻谁；desolate；come on损痰；cause福侈；
cover；undoing卢未；please肪凛；可以將你查到的含義與用法發(fā)到群里。
3辽社，第一個(gè)句子注意連詞for的運(yùn)用伟墙。學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)分because、for滴铅、as远荠、since，可以將你理解的區(qū)分發(fā)到群里失息；
4第二個(gè)句子注意不定式短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)的運(yùn)用譬淳，歡迎仿寫(xiě)档址。
5想練習(xí)語(yǔ)音的，請(qǐng)朗讀Now, smokestill rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills.
三.導(dǎo)師講解
第一個(gè)句子邻梆！
Now, smoke still rose up from the warm groundover the desolate hills.
Winter was coming on and the hills threatenedthe surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only washaway the soil but would cause serious floods as well.
來(lái)自新二第62課守伸。大家可以讀一下全文。我再?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)一下浦妄！新二的課文非常簡(jiǎn)單尼摹！千萬(wàn)不要只是滿足于看懂！一定多琢磨一下里面的詞匯用法剂娄、習(xí)慣表達(dá)蠢涝，注意查字典。越是簡(jiǎn)單的詞含義越多阅懦！比如address這樣一個(gè)熟詞和二，如果只知地址這個(gè)含義。不懂還有致辭耳胎、致力于惯吕、忙于、從事的含義怕午》系牵考試遇到就會(huì)悲劇。就像今天學(xué)的新二句子郁惜。for堡距，because，as,since之間是有嚴(yán)格區(qū)分的兆蕉！一定要自己去查羽戒！必須贊揚(yáng)一下@淺色系~江西~學(xué)生同學(xué)的認(rèn)真！TA很細(xì)致地查詢了含義恨樟。大家可以注意看一下半醉。
第二個(gè)句子：Thistemptation to cover the distance between himself and the reader, to study hisimage in the sight of those who do not know him, can be his undoing: he hasbegun to write to please.
這里的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)主要是兩個(gè)不定式短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)修飾temptation疚俱。這種表達(dá)會(huì)讓句子變得豐富劝术，可以用于考試寫(xiě)作
另外必須注意in the
sight of這個(gè)詞是指從………角度看
所以不少同學(xué)做錯(cuò)的to
study his image in the sight of those who do not know him,含義是用不了解自己的人的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)研究自己塑造的形象
四．知識(shí)擴(kuò)展
1.連詞for的運(yùn)用：
（1）for用作連詞，主要表示理由呆奕，用于引起的分句對(duì)前面的話進(jìn)行解釋?zhuān)Ｓ枚禾?hào)把它和前面的分句分開(kāi)养晋。
She was angry, for
she didn’t know French.她生氣了，因?yàn)樗欢ㄕZ(yǔ)梁钾。
He must be out, for
there is no light in the room.他準(zhǔn)是出去了绳泉，因?yàn)槲堇餂](méi)有燈。for表示結(jié)果通常不能放句首姆泻，也不能單獨(dú)使用零酪。
（2）for冒嫡，because，as,since用法的區(qū)別
because, as, for, since這幾個(gè)詞都是表示“原因”的連詞,語(yǔ)氣由強(qiáng)至弱依次為：because→since→as→for;其中because, since,
as均為從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句四苇；而for是并列連詞,引導(dǎo)并列句.
①. because表示直接原因,它所指的原因通常是聽(tīng)話人所不知道的,其語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng).常用來(lái)回答why的提問(wèn),一般放于主句之后,也可以單獨(dú)存在.
例如：
(1)I stayed at home because it rained.因?yàn)橄掠晡掖粼诩依?
(2)Because Lingling was ill, she didn”t come
to school.玲玲因病,沒(méi)有上學(xué).
(3)Why is she absent?她為什么缺席?
Because she is sick.因?yàn)樗×?
此外,在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中,只能用because.
例如：
(4)It was because I missed the early bus that
I was late for school.我上學(xué)遲到是因?yàn)槲覜](méi)有趕上早班汽車(chē).
②. since側(cè)重主句,從句表示顯然的或已為人所知的理由,常譯為“因?yàn)?/b>”孝凌、“既然”,語(yǔ)氣比because稍弱,通常置于句首,表示一種含有勉強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的原因.
例如：
(1)Since he asks you, you”ll tell him why.他既然問(wèn)你,那就告訴他為什么吧.
(2)Since everyone is here, let”s start.既然大家都到齊了,我們就出發(fā)吧!
(3)Since I understood very little Japanese, I
couldn”t follow the conversation.我日語(yǔ)懂得不多,因而聽(tīng)不懂對(duì)話.
③as是常用詞,它表示的“原因”是雙方已知的事實(shí)或顯而易見(jiàn)的原因,或者理由不是很重要,含義與since相同,但語(yǔ)氣更弱,沒(méi)有since正式,常譯為“由于,鑒于”.從句說(shuō)明原因,主句說(shuō)明結(jié)果,主從并重.
例如：
(1)We all like her as she is kind.我們都喜歡她,因?yàn)樗屏?
(2)As I had a cold, I was absent from school.因?yàn)槲腋忻傲?所以沒(méi)去上課.
(3)As Xiaowang was not ready, we went without
him.由于小王沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好,我們只好不帶他去了.
④for用作連詞時(shí),與because相似,但它所表示的原因往往提供上文未交待過(guò)的情況.for不表示直接原因,表明附加或推斷的理由,因此for被看作等立連詞,它所引導(dǎo)的分句只能放在句子后部(或單獨(dú)成為一個(gè)句子),并且前后兩個(gè)分句間的邏輯關(guān)系不一定是因果關(guān)系,其間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi),且for不可置于句首,for的這一用法常用在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中,較正式.例如：
(1)The days are short, for it is now December.白天短了,因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在已是十二月份.
(2)It must have rained, for the ground is wet.
(從“地面潮濕”作出“下過(guò)雨”的推測(cè),但地濕并不一定是下雨所致, for不可以換為because.)
(3)The ground is wet because it has rained. (“下雨”是“地上潮濕”的直接原因.)
前后兩個(gè)分句間有一定的因果關(guān)系時(shí)(有時(shí)很難區(qū)分是直接原因,還是推測(cè)性原因),for與because可以互換使用.例如：
(4)I could not go, for / because I was ill.我沒(méi)能去,是因?yàn)槲也×?
(5)He felt no fear, for / because he was a
brave boy.他沒(méi)有害怕,因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)勇敢的男孩
3.不定式短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)
①不定式及其短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ),與其他短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)一樣,一般都放在被修飾的詞之后,通常表示一個(gè)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,有時(shí)也可以表示某一過(guò)去的特定動(dòng)作.
②一些名詞后常用不定式作定語(yǔ),如：chance(機(jī)會(huì)）,way(方法）,time(時(shí)間）等；另外,the first,the second,the last,the only等作名詞或者它們作形容詞用來(lái)修飾代詞,它們或它們所修飾的代詞后,也常用不定式作定語(yǔ).不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí),不定式與被修飾詞之間存在的關(guān)系復(fù)雜,有的是主謂關(guān)系月腋；有的是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系蟀架；有的是動(dòng)狀關(guān)系,還有的不存在主謂、動(dòng)賓榆骚、動(dòng)狀關(guān)系.
①片拍、主謂關(guān)系的
（1）We
must find a person to do the work.
(2) There is no one to take care of her.
(3) In my family,my mother is always the first
one to get up.
(4) He is always the first to come and the
last to leave.
(5) We need someone to go and get a doctor.
②、動(dòng)賓關(guān)系的
如果不定式與被修飾的詞在邏輯上存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,不定式里的動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞.注意：是及物動(dòng)詞的,后面不要再加賓語(yǔ),因?yàn)榍懊娴谋恍揎椩~是它的賓語(yǔ)妓肢；是不及物動(dòng)詞的,要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞讓它變成及物動(dòng)詞,只有這樣,它才能帶上前面的賓語(yǔ).
（1）He has a lot of books to read.
(2) I would like a magazine to look at.
(3) Here is some advice for you to follow.
(4) Do you have anything else to say?
(5) There is no one to take care of.
(6) She has nothing to worry about.
③捌省、動(dòng)狀關(guān)系的
被修飾詞如果是不定式里動(dòng)詞的狀語(yǔ),應(yīng)多用介詞短語(yǔ).由于被修飾詞前沒(méi)有介詞,所以只能在不定式里的動(dòng)詞后加介詞.
（1）Please
give me some paper to write on.
(2) Let"s find a room to put these things
in
(3）I have no house to live in.
(4) He has no pen to write with.
(5) There are five pairs to choose from.
④、不存在主謂职恳、動(dòng)賓所禀、動(dòng)狀關(guān)系的
被修飾詞與不定式里的動(dòng)詞不存在主謂、動(dòng)賓放钦、動(dòng)狀關(guān)系的,被修飾詞多是些抽象名詞.
（1）I
have no time to go to the movie.
（2）There"s
no need to send for a doctor.
(3) Where"s the best place to meet?
(4) Is that the way to do it?
(5）I"m not sure about his ability to complete the task alone但是只能做后置定語(yǔ).不可能前置的.
