今日導讀
古今中外盯孙，許多神話故事都繞不開“生與死”這個話題——嫦娥奔月前服下的不死之藥鲁森，北歐神話中象征青春的金蘋果，都反映了人們對死亡的恐懼和對長生不老的追求振惰。如今歌溉，現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學日益進步，無數(shù)科學家投身其中骑晶，致力于找出延長壽命痛垛、延緩衰老的方法。最近透罢，就有一項國際研究取得了突破性進展榜晦。這項研究到底發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么？讓我們跟著 Jela 老師羽圃，一起走進今天的文章。
帶著問題聽講解
短語 plug the gap 是什么意思抖剿？
文中和“永恒朽寞，永久”相關的單詞有哪些？
根據(jù)本文斩郎，這項研究認為現(xiàn)代人壽命延長的真正原因是什么脑融？
正文
Ageing process is unstoppable, finds unprecedented study
一項史無前例的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，衰老過程無法被阻止
Immortality and everlasting youth are the stuff of myths, according to new research which may finally end the eternal debate about whether we can live for ever.
一項新研究表明缩宜，長生不老肘迎、永葆青春都只存在于神話故事里。這項研究很可能會終結(jié)人們對人類能否永生的無休止爭論锻煌。
The study, by an international collaboration of scientists from 14 countries, set out to test the "invariant rate of ageing" hypothesis, which says that a species has a relatively fixed rate of ageing from adulthood.***
句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析
「The study, by an international collaboration of scientists from 14 countries, set out to test the "invariant rate of ageing" hypothesis, which says that a species has a relatively fixed rate of ageing from adulthood.」
句子主干：The study set out to test the "invariant rate of ageing" hypothesis.妓布。
后置定語：by an international collaboration of scientists from 14 countries（修飾 the study）。
定語從句：which says that a species has a relatively fixed rate of ageing from adulthood（修飾先行詞 hypothesis）宋梧。
來自 14 個國家的科學家們進行國際合作匣沼，開展了這項研究，旨在檢驗“衰老不變率”假說捂龄。該假說認為每個物種從成年開始都會有一個相對固定的衰老速度释涛。
"Our findings support the theory that, rather than slowing down death, more people are living much longer due to a reduction in mortality at younger ages," said José Manuel Aburto from Oxford's Leverhulme Centre for Demographic Science.
牛津大學萊弗爾梅人口科學中心的何塞·曼努埃爾·阿伯托說：“我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)支持了這樣一種理論：更多的人壽命延長，不是因為衰老速度變慢了倦沧，而是因為年輕一代的死亡率下降了唇撬。”
The debate over how much longer we can live has divided the academic community for decades, with the search for extended life and health particularly active in the UK. But what has been missing from the debate is research comparing lifespans of multiple animal populations with humans, to work out what is driving mortality.
幾十年來展融，關于人類能活多久的爭議分化了學術界窖认，與此同時，對延長壽命、促進健康的探索在英國尤為活躍耀态。然而轮傍，這場爭論缺少的是將多個動物種群的壽命與人類壽命進行比較研究，從而找出影響死亡率的關鍵性因素首装。
This study plugs that gap, said Aburto. "This extraordinarily diverse collection of data enabled us to compare mortality differences both within and between species."
阿伯托稱创夜，他們的研究填補了這一空白∠陕撸“極其多樣化的數(shù)據(jù)收集驰吓，讓我們得以比較物種內(nèi)部和物種之間的死亡率差異∠捣睿”
All the datasets examined by Aburto's teams revealed the same general pattern of mortality: a high risk of death in infancy which rapidly declines in the immature and teenage years, remains low until early adulthood, and then continually rises in advancing age.
阿伯托所在團隊檢驗的所有數(shù)據(jù)集都揭示了相同的死亡率常規(guī)模式：嬰兒時期的高死亡風險在幼年和青少年時期迅速下降檬贰，直到成年早期都保持在低水平，然后隨著年齡漸長而不斷上升缺亮。
"More and more people get to live much longer now. However, the trajectory towards death in old age has not changed," he added. "This study suggests evolutionary biology trumps everything and, so far, medical advances have been unable to beat these biological constraints."
“如今翁涤，有越來越多的人活得更久。但是萌踱，人們在老年時期逐漸走向死亡的軌跡并沒有改變葵礼，”阿伯托補充說：“這項研究表明，進化生物學完勝一切并鸵，并且到目前為止鸳粉，醫(yī)學的進步還無法打破這些生物限制≡暗＃”
重點詞匯
unprecedented
/?n?pres.?.den.t??d/
adj. 史無前例的届谈，空前的
相關詞匯：precedent（n. 先例，前例）
相關詞匯：precedented（adj. 有先例的）
詞根詞綴：un-（表否定）
英文釋義：sth. that has never happened or been done before
例句：China is taking on an unprecedented role as a major vaccine supplier to the rest of the world.
immortality
/??m.??r?t?l.?.t?i/
n. 永生弯汰，不朽
例句：He found immortality through his scientific achievements.
相關詞匯：immortal（adj. 永生的艰山，不死的）
everlasting
/?ev.??l?s.t??/
adj. 永久的，永恒的
詞義辨析：everlasting蝙泼，immortal
immortal 更強調(diào)事物是 living or lasting for ever “永生的程剥，不死的”，比如：The pharaohs were considered gods and therefore immortal. 意思是“法老被視為神靈汤踏，因而可以得到永生织鲸。”而 everlasting 不僅強調(diào)事物是 lasting forever “永久的”溪胶，而且是 never changing “經(jīng)久不變的”搂擦，比如：I have loved you with an everlasting love! 意思是“我對你的愛從未改變！”
myth
/m?θ/
n. 神話
搭配短語：ancient Greek myths
eternal
/??t??.n?l/
adj. 無休止的哗脖，沒完沒了的瀑踢；永久的扳还，永恒的
近義詞：everlasting（adj. 永久的，永恒的）
搭配短語：eternal love（永恒的）
搭配短語：eternal arguments（無休止的）
set out
（懷著目標）開始橱夭，著手氨距；出發(fā)，啟程棘劣；陳列俏让，擺放
搭配短語：to set out for Beijing（出發(fā)）
搭配短語：to set out their displays（擺放）
例句：They succeeded in what they set out to do.（（懷著目標）開始做……）
invariant
/?n?ver.i.?nt/
adj. 恒定的，不變的
近義詞：invariable（adj. 不變的茬暇，始終如一的）
例句：It is her invariable routine to practise yoga before bedtime.
hypothesis
/ha??pɑ?.θ?.s?s/
n. 假設首昔，假說
相關詞匯：thesis（n. 論文；論點）
詞根詞綴：hypo-（表示“低于糙俗，次于……”）
相關詞匯：hypothermia（n. 體溫過低勒奇，失溫）
mortality
/m??r?t?l.?.t?i/
n. 死亡數(shù)量，死亡率巧骚；必死性赊颠，生命的有限
反義詞：immortality（n. 永生，不朽）
divide
/d??va?d/
v.（使）產(chǎn)生分歧劈彪，（使）意見相左巨税；（使）分開，分散
例句：The issue of immigration has divided voters.
lifespan
/?la?f.sp?n/
n. 壽命粉臊，使用期限
相關詞匯：span（n. 一段時間，持續(xù)時間）
例句：Most mobile phones have a lifespan of 3 to 5 years.
詞義辨析：lifespan驶兜，life expectancy
lifespan 的主語既可以是人扼仲、動物，也可以是物品抄淑，而 life expectancy 的主語通常是人或動物屠凶，并且強調(diào)是“預期壽命”。
drive
/dra?v/
v. 影響肆资，是……的決定性因素矗愧；開車，駕駛
英文釋義：to influence sth.
例句：Rents are driven by availability.
plug the gap
填補空缺
相關詞匯：plug（v. 把……堵住郑原，塞装隆）
相關詞匯：gap（n. 缺口，空白）
例句：The product was introduced to plug the gap at the lower end of the market.
近義詞組：fill the gap
pattern
/?p?t?.?n/
n. 模式犯犁，方式属愤；圖案，花樣酸役；（聲音有規(guī)則排列的）模式
搭配短語：a black and white striped pattern（圖案）
搭配短語：a rhyming pattern（韻律）
搭配短語：a regular sleeping pattern（模式）
infancy
/??n.f?n.si/
n. 嬰兒期住诸，幼年驾胆；初期，初創(chuàng)期
相關詞匯：infant（n. 嬰兒）
例句：Genetic engineering is still in its infancy.
immature
/??m.??t?r/
adj. 未長成的贱呐，發(fā)育未全的丧诺；（行為、思想）不成熟的
反義詞：mature（adj. 成熟的）
搭配短語：immature plants
搭配短語：emotionally immature adults
advancing
/?d?v?n.s??/
adj. 年長的奄薇，年事已高的
相關詞匯：advance（v.（使）前進驳阎；促進，推動）
例句：She is still very active, in spite of her advancing years.
trajectory
/tr??d?ek.t?.i/
n.（事物的）發(fā)展軌跡惕艳；（物體拋向空中形成的）軌道搞隐，軌跡
搭配短語：the trajectory of a spacecraft（（物體拋向空中形成的）軌跡）
搭配短語：an upward career trajectory（（事物的）發(fā)展軌跡）-事業(yè)蒸蒸日上
trump
/tr?mp/
v. 勝過，打敗
詞性拓展：trump（n. 王牌远搪；絕招劣纲，殺手锏）
搭配短語：to play one's trump card? -使出某人的殺手锏
例句：The company trumped its rivals by innovation.
constraint
/k?n?stre?nt/
n. 限制，束縛
近義詞：restriction（n. 限制谁鳍，束縛）
例句：Lack of funding has been a major constraint on the building's design.? -
