1 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況?
1．當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞時(shí)或相互代詞時(shí)?
The girl found herself in the valley.?
小女孩不知不覺(jué)地來(lái)到山谷中析珊。?
They help each other.
他們互相幫助。?
2．當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)是表示狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)?
The salary can last him only a week.?
這工資只能維持他一周的生活姊扔。?
Does the pair of boots suit you??
這雙靴子適合你嗎搬俊？?
3．當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是不定式或動(dòng)名詞時(shí)?
We all want to be teachers.?
我們都想當(dāng)老師咕娄。?
They enjoy having dinner outside.?
他們?cè)敢獾酵饷娉燥垺?
4．感官動(dòng)詞表示狀態(tài)或結(jié)果時(shí)這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：?
smile 微笑?
smell 聞起來(lái)?
sound 聽(tīng)起來(lái)?
taste 嘗起來(lái)?
look 看起來(lái)?
seem 似乎?
remain 仍然?
prove 證明?
appear 顯得?
fall 掉落?
turn 變成?
The new comer smiled his thanks.?
新來(lái)的人微笑表示感謝昌执。?
Your idea sounds good.?
你的主意聽(tīng)起來(lái)不錯(cuò)摄杂。?
The leaves have turned yellow.?
葉子變黃了萄窜。?
The music sounds like Pock Roll.?
這音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)像搖滾樂(lè)铃剔。?
5．當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)起狀語(yǔ)作用，表示數(shù)量查刻、重量键兜、大小、程度時(shí)赖阻。 這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：?
cost 價(jià)值?
weigh 重?
number 計(jì)?
keep 保持?
wash 洗?
drink 喝?
sell 賣(mài)?
The coat costs forty yuan.?
這件上衣價(jià)格是四十元蝶押。?
The book sells well.?
這本書(shū)的銷(xiāo)路好。?
The bottle of wine drinks delicious.?
這瓶葡萄酒喝起來(lái)味道很美火欧。?
6．主語(yǔ)+have/get +賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞棋电，這個(gè)句型也不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)茎截，因?yàn)樗旧砭哂斜粍?dòng)含義。?
(○)I had my tooth pulled yesterday.?
(×)I had my tooth to be pulled yesterday.?
我昨天拔了一顆牙（一顆牙被拔）赶盔。?
（暗指被別人拔的）?
必背企锌！?
不可分割的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如下：?
keep word?
履行諾言?
lose one’s heart?
灰心?
make a face?
做鬼臉?
還有一些固定的詞組和句式用主動(dòng)句表示被動(dòng)的含義于未，當(dāng)然也就不能把它們變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子了撕攒。（詳見(jiàn)下文）?
2 用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)的含義?
1．固定的句型?
a．be worth doing sth.?
The film is well worth seeing twice.?
這個(gè)電影很值得看兩遍。?
b．have/get sth / sb +過(guò)去分詞?
have 作使役動(dòng)詞烘浦，無(wú)被動(dòng)態(tài)抖坪，但可以用have + 賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞表“被動(dòng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)”和“使役”。?
請(qǐng)注意have 與get 的區(qū)別：get 是出自本身的意愿闷叉，have 是出于無(wú)奈和自愿?
(○)I had my watch stolen.?
(×)I got my watch stolen.?
我的手表被偷了擦俐。?
（出于無(wú)奈，只可用had）?
(○)I had my watch repaired.?
(×)I got my watch repaired.?
我拿手表去修理握侧。?
（出于自愿蚯瞧，had, got 皆可）?
c．主語(yǔ)+want/need/require/doing(=to be done)?
注意?
此句型的主語(yǔ)大多為物。?
The composition needs(wants, requires)rewriting.(=tobe rewritten.)?
這篇作文需要重寫(xiě)品擎。?
The baby wants (needs, requires)examining. 這個(gè)嬰兒需要體檢埋合。?
（主語(yǔ)是人，這是一個(gè)例外）?
2．to be +under(in)+抽象名詞（表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義）?
The car is under(in) repair.?
=The car is being repaired now.?
那輛車(chē)正在修理（被修理）萄传。?
This kind of machine is in use.?
=This kind of machine is being used.?
這種類(lèi)型的機(jī)器正在使用中（被使用）甚颂。?
3．有些動(dòng)詞可用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式來(lái)表達(dá)被動(dòng)的含義?
常見(jiàn)的可以這樣用的動(dòng)詞有clean, sell, lock, translate, read,?
write, wash, wear, cook, tear, cut, keep ,burn, strike, pull, act,?
last, feel（摸起來(lái)）等。?
The books sell well.?
這些書(shū)很好賣(mài)盲再。?
The door doesn’t lock.?
這門(mén)鎖不上西设。?
The cloth washes easily.?
這種布好洗瓣铣。?
Potatoes cook slowly.?
馬鈴薯煮起來(lái)很慢答朋。?
含有這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞的句子也可以寫(xiě)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子，但含義不同棠笑，主?
動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子表示現(xiàn)狀梦碗，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子則側(cè)重于某一動(dòng)作的發(fā)生。?
This report doesn’t translate well.?
這篇文章譯不好蓖救。（這篇文章不容易翻譯）?
（暗含這篇文章本身不好翻譯）?
This report was not translated well. 比較?
這篇文章譯得不好洪规。?
注意?
此時(shí)句子的主語(yǔ)一般是物，而且這些動(dòng)詞常和表示行為方式的狀語(yǔ)?
連用如well, easily,或與否定詞連用構(gòu)成否定句循捺。 （側(cè)重于動(dòng)作?
translate 譯得不好斩例，而不管文章本身。）?
比較?
The pen writes smoothly.?
這筆寫(xiě)起來(lái)（用起來(lái)）滑溜从橘。（寫(xiě)筆）?
She writes smoothly.?
她寫(xiě)起來(lái)很流利念赶。（寫(xiě)人用筆）?
4．一些不定式?
a．There be 句型?
There are a lot of things to do.?
有許多事情要去做础钠。?
b．不定式修飾want，have叉谜，等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)旗吁，而句子的主語(yǔ)是不定式?
的邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)?
（○）I have (want) some words to say.?
（×）I have (want) some words to be said.?
我有許多話(huà)要說(shuō)。?
c．easy停局，hard很钓，difficult 等性質(zhì)形容詞+不定式時(shí)?
（○）The maths problem is difficult to work out.?
（×）The maths problem is hard to be worked out.?
這道數(shù)學(xué)題很難算出來(lái)。?
d．當(dāng)不定式修飾buy董栽，get码倦，give 等動(dòng)詞的直接賓語(yǔ)，而間接賓語(yǔ)?
是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)锭碳。?
（○）His sister gave him a bike to ride.?
（×）His sister gave him a bike to be ridden.?
他姐姐給了他一輛自行車(chē)叹洲。7?
5．少數(shù)動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)，有時(shí)有被動(dòng)的含義（△△）?
His works are printing.?
他的著作正在印刷中工禾。?
Our new school house are building.?
我們的新校舍正在建筑中运提。?
The drum is beating.?
鼓正敲擊著。?
注意?
并非所有的及物動(dòng)詞都可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)闻葵，有些是不可以的民泵。?
這樣的詞語(yǔ)有：meet（遇見(jiàn)），become（適合）槽畔，suit,fit（適合）栈妆，?
last（持久），catch（趕上）厢钧，hold（容納）鳞尔，lack（缺少）。?
還有一些詞組：break one’s word（失信）早直，kill time（消磨時(shí)光）寥假，?
take place（舉行；發(fā)生）?
（○）The room can hold about sixty people.?
（×）About sixty people can be held by the room.?
這房間可以容納約60 個(gè)人霞扬。