Teach girls bravery, not perfection

女孩要勇敢，而不是完美

演說(shuō)者：Reshma Saujani

So a few years ago, I did something really brave, or some would say really stupid. I ran for Congress.For years, I had existed safely behind the scenes in politics as a fundraiser, as an organizer, but in my heart, I always wanted to run. The sitting congresswoman had been in my district since 1992.

幾年前议街，我做了一些非常勇敢的事冤留，或許有些人會(huì)說(shuō)很愚蠢的事。我參選國(guó)會(huì)議員倡鲸。很多年來(lái)供嚎，我安全地存在于 政治活動(dòng)背后作為資金籌集人，作為組織者峭状，但我的內(nèi)心克滴，我一直希望參選。我所在選區(qū)的國(guó)會(huì)議員女士從1992年起擔(dān)任這個(gè)職務(wù)优床。

She had never lost a race, and no one had really even run against her in a Democratic primary. But in my mind, this was my way to make a difference, to disrupt the status quo. The polls, however, told a very different story. My pollsters told me that I was crazy to run, that there was no way that I could win.

她從未輸過(guò)一場(chǎng)選戰(zhàn)劝赔，沒(méi)有人真正認(rèn)真地在民主選舉中與她競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。但在我心中胆敞，這就是我 創(chuàng)造不同的方式着帽，改變現(xiàn)狀罩阵。民意調(diào)查，然而启摄，顯示出完全不同的故事稿壁。我的民調(diào)專(zhuān)家告訴我我要參選簡(jiǎn)直瘋了，我不可能會(huì)贏歉备。

But I ran anyway, and in 2012, I became an upstart in a New York City congressional race. I swore I was going to win. I had the endorsement from the New York Daily News, the Wall Street Journal snapped pictures of me on election day, and CNBC called it one of the hottest races in the country.

但我還是參選了傅是，在2012年，我成了崛起的新秀參選紐約市國(guó)會(huì)競(jìng)選蕾羊。我發(fā)誓我會(huì)贏喧笔。我得到了《紐約每日新聞》的認(rèn)可，《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》刊登了我在選舉日的照片龟再，美國(guó)全國(guó)廣播公司財(cái)經(jīng)頻道稱(chēng)之為全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)最熱的選戰(zhàn)书闸。

I raised money from everyone I knew, including Indian aunties that were just so happy an Indian girl was running. But on election day, the polls were right, and I only got 19 percent of the vote, and the same papers that said I was a rising political star now said I wasted 1.3 million dollars on 6,321 votes. Don't do the math. It was humiliating.

我從我認(rèn)識(shí)的每個(gè)人那里籌錢(qián)，包括印度阿姨們利凑。她們很高興一個(gè)印度女生參選浆劲。但選舉日，民調(diào)是對(duì)的哀澈，我只拿到了19%的選票牌借，那張?jiān)Q(chēng)我為新興政治明星的報(bào)紙現(xiàn)在卻說(shuō)我浪費(fèi)了130萬(wàn)美金在6321張選票上。不要算數(shù)字割按。太丟臉了膨报。

Now, before you get the wrong idea, this is not a talk about the importance of failure. Nor is it about leaning in. I tell you the story of how I ran for Congress because I was 33 years old and it was the first time in my entire life that I had done something that was truly brave, where I didn't worry about being perfect.

現(xiàn)在，在你們得到錯(cuò)誤觀(guān)點(diǎn)前适荣，這不是一個(gè)講述失敗有多重要的演說(shuō)现柠。也不是說(shuō)女孩要向前一步。我講述的故事是我如何參選國(guó)會(huì)議員的弛矛，因?yàn)槲抑挥?3歲够吩，這是我人生中第一次 做出真正勇敢的事，沒(méi)有擔(dān)心完美汪诉。

And I'm not alone: so many women I talk to tell me that they gravitate towards careers and professions that they know they're going to be great in, that they know they're going to be perfect in, and it's no wonder why. Most girls are taught to avoid risk and failure. We're taught to smile pretty, play it safe, get all A's. Boys, on the other hand, are taught to play rough, swing high, crawl to the top of the monkey bars and then just jump off headfirst.

我不是一個(gè)人： 太多女士曾告訴我废恋，她們多么被職業(yè)和專(zhuān)業(yè)吸引，她們知道她們會(huì)做得很好扒寄，她們知道她們會(huì)非常完美鱼鼓，不足為奇。絕大多數(shù)的女孩被教育來(lái)規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和失敗该编。我們被教育要有漂亮的微笑迄本，不要冒險(xiǎn)，課程拿全A课竣。男孩們嘉赎，另一方面來(lái)說(shuō)置媳，被教育成要更加勇猛，沖擊更高的目標(biāo)公条，爬上單杠最高的那層然后往下跳拇囊。

And by the time they're adults, whether they're negotiating a raise or even asking someone out on a date, they're habituated to take risk after risk. They're rewarded for it. It's often said in Silicon Valley, no one even takes you seriously unless you've had two failed start-ups. In other words, we're raising our girls to be perfect, and we're raising our boys to be brave.

當(dāng)他們成長(zhǎng)為大人，無(wú)論他們是在談判加薪或是約某人出去玩靶橱，他們習(xí)慣于接受一個(gè)一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)寥袭。他們也為此得到回報(bào)獎(jiǎng)賞。在矽谷有這樣的說(shuō)法关霸，沒(méi)人把你當(dāng)回事除非你創(chuàng)業(yè)失敗兩次以上传黄。另一句話(huà)說(shuō)，我們教育培養(yǎng)女孩子們追求完美队寇，我們教育培養(yǎng)男孩子們要勇敢膘掰。

Some people worry about our federal deficit, but I, I worry about our bravery deficit. Our economy, our society, we're just losing out because we're not raising our girls to be brave. The bravery deficit is why women are underrepresented in STEM, in C-suites, in boardrooms, in Congress, and pretty much everywhere you look.

有些人擔(dān)心我們的聯(lián)邦赤字，但是佳遣，我擔(dān)心我們的勇氣赤字识埋。我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)，我們的社會(huì)苍日， 我們?cè)谠馐軗p失惭聂，因?yàn)槲覀儧](méi)有教育女孩子們要勇敢。勇氣赤字就是為什么女性在科學(xué)技術(shù)工程數(shù)學(xué)（STEM）領(lǐng)域相恃，在企業(yè)高管層，在董事會(huì)笨觅，在國(guó)會(huì)拦耐，在你所看到的任何地方 都未被充分代表。

In the 1980s, psychologist Carol Dweck looked at how bright fifth graders handled an assignment that was too difficult for them. She found that bright girls were quick to give up. The higher the IQ, the more likely they were to give up. Bright boys, on the other hand, found the difficult material to be a challenge. They found it energizing. They were more likely to redouble their efforts.

在1980年代见剩，心理學(xué)家Carol Dweck 觀(guān)察研究了五年級(jí)學(xué)生如何處理一項(xiàng)對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)太困難的作業(yè)杀糯。她發(fā)現(xiàn)，聰明的女孩們很快就放棄了苍苞。智商越高的女孩固翰，放棄的可能性越大。 男孩們羹呵，將困難的材料視為一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)骂际。他們?yōu)榇司Τ渑妗Ｋ麄兏鼉A向于雙倍努力冈欢。

What's going on? Well, at the fifth grade level, girls routinely outperform boys in every subject, including math and science, so it's not a question of ability. The difference is in how boys and girls approach a challenge. And it doesn't just end in fifth grade.

發(fā)生了什么歉铝？ 嗯，在五年級(jí)凑耻， 女孩總的來(lái)說(shuō)比男孩 在各個(gè)科目的表現(xiàn)都要好太示， 包括數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)柠贤， 所以這不是能力的問(wèn)題。 不同點(diǎn)在于男孩和女孩 如何看待挑戰(zhàn)类缤。 這不止于五年級(jí)臼勉。

An HP report found that men will apply for a job if they meet only 60 percent of the qualifications, but women, women will apply only if they meet 100 percent of the qualifications. 100 percent. This study is usually invoked as evidence that, well, women need a little more confidence. But I think it's evidence that women have been socialized to aspire to perfection, and they're overly cautious.

一份惠普?qǐng)?bào)告指出男性會(huì)遞出工作申請(qǐng)。如果他們只達(dá)到60%的招聘要求餐弱，而女性坚俗，女性只有在100%達(dá)到招聘要求的時(shí)候才會(huì)遞出申請(qǐng)。百分之百岸裙。這份研究通常會(huì)被作為證據(jù)來(lái)說(shuō)猖败，嗯，女性需要更多的自信降允。但我認(rèn)為這是證據(jù)恩闻，說(shuō)明女性長(zhǎng)期被賦予追逐完美，她們太過(guò)謹(jǐn)慎了剧董。

And even when we're ambitious, even when we're leaning in, that socialization of perfection has caused us to take less risks in our careers. And so those 600,000 jobs that are open right now in computing and tech, women are being left behind, and it means our economy is being left behind on all the innovation and problems women would solve if they were socialized to be brave instead of socialized to be perfect.

即使是當(dāng)我們雄心勃勃幢尚，即使我們向前一步，社會(huì)對(duì)完美的要求讓我們?cè)诼殬I(yè)發(fā)展中選擇冒更小的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)〕崧ィ現(xiàn)在尉剩，在計(jì)算機(jī)和科技領(lǐng)域，有六十萬(wàn)個(gè)開(kāi)放申請(qǐng)的工作職位毅臊，女性被拋在了后面理茎，這也意味著我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)被遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)拋在了后面。女性可以解決的創(chuàng)新和難題管嬉，如果女性被教育要勇敢皂林，而不是完美。

So in 2012, I started a company to teach girls to code, and what I found is that by teaching them to code I had socialized them to be brave. Coding, it's an endless process of trial and error, of trying to get the right command in the right place, with sometimes just a semicolon making the difference between success and failure. Code breaks and then it falls apart, and it often takes many, many tries until that magical moment when what you're trying to build comes to life. It requires perseverance. It requires imperfection.

在2012年蚯撩，我創(chuàng)辦了一家公司 教女孩如何編程础倍，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過(guò)教她們?nèi)绾尉幊烫タ妫伊钏齻兏佑赂夜灯簟＞幊蹋且粋€(gè)無(wú)止盡的過(guò)程實(shí)驗(yàn)和錯(cuò)誤犹菇，試著將對(duì)的指令放在合適的地方德迹，有時(shí)只是一個(gè)分號(hào)，就能決定成功還是失敗项栏。編碼出錯(cuò)了隨后七零八落浦辨，時(shí)常需要很多很多次試驗(yàn)，直到那個(gè)神奇的時(shí)刻，你想要搭建的程序完成了流酬。它需要持之以恒的努力币厕。需要接受不完美。

We immediately see in our program our girls' fear of not getting it right, of not being perfect. Every Girls Who Code teacher tells me the same story. During the first week, when the girls are learning how to code, a student will call her over and she'll say, "I don't know what code to write." The teacher will look at her screen, and she'll see a blank text editor. If she didn't know any better, she'd think that her student spent the past 20 minutes just staring at the screen.

我們立即發(fā)現(xiàn)在項(xiàng)目里女孩們害怕出錯(cuò)芽腾，害怕不完美旦装。每個(gè)女孩的指導(dǎo)老師都和我說(shuō)一樣的故事。在第一周摊滔，當(dāng)女孩們?cè)囍鴮W(xué)習(xí)如何編程阴绢，一個(gè)學(xué)生叫她過(guò)去她說(shuō)到，“我不知道要寫(xiě)那個(gè)編碼艰躺∩胂”當(dāng)老師看她的屏幕，會(huì)看到一個(gè)完全空白的界面腺兴。如果她不知道原因的話(huà)左电，她也許會(huì)想她的學(xué)生在過(guò)去的20分鐘里，只是盯著屏幕發(fā)呆页响。

But if she presses undo a few times, she'll see that her student wrote code and then deleted it. She tried, she came close, but she didn't get it exactly right. Instead of showing the progress that she made, she'd rather show nothing at all. Perfection or bust.It turns out that our girls are really good at coding, but it's not enough just to teach them to code.

但如果她點(diǎn)擊幾下撤銷(xiāo)鍵篓足，他就會(huì)看到她的學(xué)生，寫(xiě)了代碼隨后又刪掉了它們闰蚕。她嘗試了栈拖，她接近目標(biāo)了，但是她沒(méi)有完全答對(duì)没陡。比起展現(xiàn)她經(jīng)歷的過(guò)程涩哟，她寧可什么都不展現(xiàn)。要么完美要么什么也沒(méi)有诗鸭。結(jié)果顯示女孩們非常善于編程染簇，但教給她們?nèi)绾螌?xiě)代碼是完全不夠的。

My friend Lev Brie, who is a professor at the University of Columbia and teaches intro to Java tells me about his office hours with computer science students. When the guys are struggling with an assignment, they'll come in and they'll say, "Professor, there's something wrong with my code." The girls will come in and say, "Professor, there's something wrong with me."

我的朋友Lev Brie强岸，是哥倫比亞大學(xué)的教授，他教授Java編程砾赔，他告訴我他對(duì)電腦科學(xué)學(xué)生開(kāi)放的蝌箍，咨詢(xún)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的故事。當(dāng)男生們艱難應(yīng)對(duì)一個(gè)作業(yè)的時(shí)候暴心，他們會(huì)過(guò)來(lái)然后說(shuō)妓盲，“教授，我編的程序出了點(diǎn)問(wèn)題专普∶醭模” 女生們會(huì)過(guò)來(lái)然后說(shuō)，“教授檀夹，我出了點(diǎn)問(wèn)題筋粗〔唛伲”

We have to begin to undo the socialization of perfection, but we've got to combine it with building a sisterhood that lets girls know that they are not alone. Because trying harder is not going to fix a broken system.

我們必須要撤銷(xiāo)對(duì)女性社會(huì)化的完美主義，我們必須要將這和 建立女性支持系統(tǒng)一起讓女孩們知道她們并不孤單娜亿。因?yàn)樵倥Φ貒L試也無(wú)法修補(bǔ)一個(gè)破裂的系統(tǒng)丽已。

I can't tell you how many women tell me,“"I'm afraid to raise my hand, I'm afraid to ask a question, because I don't want to be the only one who doesn't understand, the only one who is struggling. When we teach girls to be brave and we have a supportive network cheering them on, they will build incredible things, and I see this every day.

太多的女性朋友告訴我，"我害怕舉手發(fā)言买决，我害怕問(wèn)問(wèn)題沛婴，因?yàn)槲也幌胱瞿莻€(gè) 那個(gè)唯一不懂的人，那個(gè)唯一掙扎的人督赤。當(dāng)我們教女孩們要勇敢,我們要有支持她們的系統(tǒng)來(lái)鼓勵(lì)她們嘁灯，她們會(huì)有偉大的成就，我每天都看到這些事躲舌。

Take, for instance, two of our high school students who built a game called Tampon Run -- yes, Tampon Run -- to fight against the menstruation taboo and sexism in gaming. Or the Syrian refugee who dared show her love for her new country by building an app to help Americans get to the polls. Or a 16-year-old girl who built an algorithm to help detect whether a cancer is benign or malignant in the off chance that she can save her daddy's life because he has cancer.

舉個(gè)例子丑婿，兩個(gè)高中學(xué)生，制作了一個(gè)游戲叫做 衛(wèi)生棉逃亡-- （譯者注：和游戲”神廟逃亡“諧音） 對(duì)孽糖，衛(wèi)生棉逃亡-- 來(lái)反對(duì)游戲中的月經(jīng)標(biāo)記和對(duì)女性的歧視枯冈。或是敘利亞難民 她展示了對(duì)新國(guó)家的愛(ài)办悟，制作了一款應(yīng)用程序尘奏，讓美國(guó)人輕松了解民調(diào)〔◎龋或是一個(gè)16歲的女孩炫加，她建立了一套運(yùn)算系統(tǒng)來(lái)幫助測(cè)算癌癥是良性的還是惡性的，抱著一絲希望能救她患癌癥的父親铺然。

These are just three examples of thousands, thousands of girls who have been socialized to be imperfect, who have learned to keep trying, who have learned perseverance. And whether they become coders or the next Hillary Clinton or Beyoncé, they will not defer their dreams.

這只是成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)例子中的三個(gè)俗孝，成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)女孩被社會(huì)化為不完美的，她們學(xué)習(xí)如何不斷嘗試魄健，學(xué)著如何持之以恒赋铝。無(wú)論她們未來(lái)會(huì)成為程序員或是下一個(gè)希拉里?克林頓 或是碧昂斯，她們不會(huì)推遲自己的夢(mèng)想沽瘦。

And those dreams have never been more important for our country. For the American economy, for any economy to grow, to truly innovate, we cannot leave behind half our population. We have to socialize our girls to be comfortable with imperfection, and we've got to do it now. We cannot wait for them to learn how to be brave like I did when I was 33 years old.

這些夢(mèng)想對(duì)我們國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)是多么重要革骨。對(duì)美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)，對(duì)任何成長(zhǎng)中的經(jīng)濟(jì)析恋，對(duì)真正的創(chuàng)新開(kāi)發(fā)良哲，我們不能丟下半數(shù)的人口。我們需要社會(huì)化地教女孩們 適應(yīng)習(xí)慣不完美助隧，我們現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始就要這樣做筑凫。我們不能等到她們自己去學(xué)習(xí)如何勇敢，就像我33歲時(shí)那樣。

We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their careers, when it has the most potential to impact their lives and the lives of others, and we have to show them that they will be loved and accepted not for being perfect but for being courageous.

我們要教她們勇敢在學(xué)校在職業(yè)起步的時(shí)期巍实， 在能夠影響她們的人生 以及其他人的人生滓技，重要的時(shí)期， 要讓她們知道她們會(huì)被愛(ài)被接受蔫浆，不是因?yàn)橥昝览嗽牛且驗(yàn)槌錆M(mǎn)勇氣之斯。

And so I need each of you to tell every young woman you know -- your sister, your niece, your employee, your colleague -- to be comfortable with imperfection, because when we teach girls to be imperfect, and we help them leverage it, we will build a movement of young women who are brave and who will build a better world for themselves and for each and every one of us.

我需要你們每個(gè)人 告訴你認(rèn)識(shí)的每個(gè)年輕女士 -- 你的姐妹铺董，你的侄女祸挪， 你的雇員，你的同事 -- 習(xí)慣接受不完美原环，因?yàn)楫?dāng)我們告訴女孩不必完美的時(shí)候挠唆，我們幫助她們平衡這樣的關(guān)系，我們會(huì)有更多勇敢的年輕女士嘱吗，這些女士為她們自己和我們每個(gè)人建立更好的世界玄组。