Your Morning Coffee May Be a Placebo
來源: https://www.newsweek.com
While many people staunchly believe that they can't start the morning without a good old cup of coffee, scientists have found that our brains might be lying to us about how much we need that coffee.
雖然許多人堅(jiān)定地認(rèn)為刁赦，如果沒有一杯好的咖啡讼撒，他們就無法開啟新的一天，但科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們的大腦可能在欺騙我們，我們根本不知道自己需要多少咖啡。
The feeling of alertness experienced by people starting the day with a cup of coffee might actually be more of a placebo effect related to the experience of drinking the coffee, rather than only due to the effects of the caffeine itself, according to a paper published in the journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience.
發(fā)表在《行為神經(jīng)科學(xué)前沿》(Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience)雜志上的一篇論文稱否淤，人們早上喝上一杯咖啡所帶來的清醒的感覺，實(shí)際上可能更多的是一種與喝咖啡的體驗(yàn)有關(guān)的安慰劑效應(yīng)棠隐，而不僅僅是由于咖啡因本身的作用石抡。
In the paper, the authors describe how they performed MRI scans on people who usually drank at least one coffee per day. They initially took the MRI scans after the participants had refrained from eating or drinking caffeinated beverages for at least three hours, and then again after they had drank coffee, or instead, taken caffeine.
在論文中，作者描述了他們?nèi)绾螌νǔＣ刻熘辽俸纫槐Х鹊娜诉M(jìn)行核磁共振掃描助泽。在參與者至少三個(gè)小時(shí)不吃或不喝含咖啡因的飲料后啰扛，他們首先進(jìn)行了核磁共振掃描嚎京，然后在他們喝了咖啡或服用了咖啡因后再次進(jìn)行了掃描。
Caffeine acts as a central nervous system stimulant, binding to adenosine receptors that usually trigger drowsiness, encouraging alertness, and allowing dopamine and other stimulating neurotransmitters to act, increasing brain activity. As a result, consuming caffeine can aid in increased energy and the ability to concentrate.
咖啡因是一種中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)興奮劑隐解，可以與腺苷受體結(jié)合鞍帝，腺苷受體通常會(huì)引起嗜睡，提高警覺性煞茫，并使多巴胺和其他刺激神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)發(fā)揮作用帕涌，增強(qiáng)大腦的活動(dòng)。因此续徽，攝入咖啡因有助于增強(qiáng)精力和集中注意力蚓曼。
The results of the MRI revealed that the connectivity of the default mode network was indeed decreased after drinking coffee and after taking caffeine, showing that consuming both caffeine and coffee made it easier for people to wake up and feel alert.
核磁共振成像結(jié)果顯示，飲用咖啡和服用咖啡因后钦扭，默認(rèn)模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)的連通性確實(shí)降低了纫版，這表明飲用咖啡因和咖啡更容易使人清醒并感到警覺。
Maria Picó-Pérez, first author of the paper and neuropsychology researcher at Jaume I University, said in the statement: "the subjects were more ready for action and alert to external stimuli after having coffee."
該論文的第一作者土全、海梅一世大學(xué)的神經(jīng)心理學(xué)研究員Maria Picó-Pérez在聲明中表示：“喝咖啡后捎琐，受試者更愿意行動(dòng)，對外界刺激更警覺裹匙∪鸫眨”
They also found, however, that those who drank coffee also had increased connectivity in the higher visual network and the right executive control network, something that didn't happen in those who only took caffeine. This indicates that these parts of the brain, involved in working memory, cognitive control, and goal-directed behavior, require the experience of drinking coffee, not just the caffeine.
然而，他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)概页，喝咖啡的人在高級視覺網(wǎng)絡(luò)和右側(cè)執(zhí)行控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的連通性也有所提高籽御，而那些只喝咖啡因的人則沒有這種情況。這表明惰匙，大腦中參與工作記憶技掏、認(rèn)知控制和目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向行為的這些部分需要喝咖啡的體驗(yàn)，而不僅僅是咖啡因项鬼。
"Taking into account that some of the effects that we found were reproduced by caffeine, we could expect other caffeinated drinks to share some of the effects," Picó-Pérez said. "However, others were specific for coffee drinking, driven by factors such as the particular smell and taste of the drink, or the psychological expectation associated with consuming that drink."
Picó-Pérez說：“考慮到我們發(fā)現(xiàn)的一些效果是由咖啡因重現(xiàn)的哑梳，我們可以預(yù)期其他含咖啡因的飲料也會(huì)有同樣的效果』婷耍”“然而鸠真，另一些影響則是飲用咖啡所特有的，這些影響因素包括咖啡的特殊氣味和口感龄毡，或者與飲用咖啡有關(guān)的心理預(yù)期吠卷。”
