Student: What is infection?
? 什么是感染伶丐？
Professor: Infection is the state produced by the establishment of an infective agent in or on a suitable host.? Sometimes it may mean a disease resulting from infection.
感染是一種感染因子在一個適當(dāng)?shù)乃拗黧w表或體內(nèi)定居后產(chǎn)生的狀態(tài)。有時感染是指由感染造成的疾病围俘。
S：Will the infection spread quickly in the human body?
感染在人體內(nèi)會很快擴(kuò)散嗎渤弛？
P：No, not necessarily.? If the body's defensive mechanisms are effective, the infection may remain localized, subclinical and temporary.
不慨代，不一定葬项。如果人體的防御機(jī)制健全轻局，感染可能僅僅是局部性的，亞臨床性（臨床不明顯的）和暫時性的挡毅。
S：What. will be the result if the infection spreads?
如果感人擴(kuò)散會怎么樣呢蒜撮？
P：If a local infection spreads, it will become an acute, subacute or chronic clinical infection or disease state.
如果局部感染擴(kuò)散，就會變成一種急性慷嗜，亞急性或慢性臨床感染淀弹，也就是疾病的狀態(tài)。
S：When does a local infection become systemic?
局部感染何時會變成全身性感染庆械？
P：A local infection may become systemic when the microorganisms gain access to the lymphatic or vascular system.
當(dāng)微生物進(jìn)入淋巴系統(tǒng)或血管系統(tǒng)時薇溃，局部感染就可能變成全身性感染。
S：Did we begin fighting against infections by using penicillin?
我們與感染作斗爭是從使用青霉素開始的嗎缭乘？
P：Surely.? Prior to the use of penicillin during World War II, physicians had no effective medicines to treat serious infections.
確實(shí)沐序。在第次世界大戰(zhàn)期間使用青霉素之前，醫(yī)生們沒有有效藥物治療嚴(yán)重感染堕绩。
S：What's the situation of coping with various kinds of infections today?
如今對付各種病毒又是怎樣的呢策幼？
P： Today we have more than 100 different antibiotics, and many other drugs to cope with infections.
如今我們有100多種抗生素、各種磺胺藥和許多其他藥物來對付各種感染
S：How about the functions of vaccines?
疫苗的作用如何呢奴紧？
P：The development of numerous vaccines has virtually wiped out many former killers both bacterial and viral.
各種疫苗的研制和使用實(shí)際上消滅了許多過去的殺手特姐，包括細(xì)菌性和病毒性
S：It seems that infection are very easy to cope with today?
看起來病毒在今天很容易對付了？
P：No.Many strains of bacteria are now resistant to the drugs that once killed them and many viruses are not influenced by antiviral drugs.
不黍氮。許多菌株對過去曾經(jīng)殺死他們的藥物出現(xiàn)了抗藥性唐含，而許多病毒現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不受抗病毒藥物影響了。
S：Oh,I see. That's why there are so many people who are suffering from various kinds of infections.
噢沫浆，我明白了捷枯。這就是為什么現(xiàn)在有許多人患有感染了。
P：We must clearly understand that infection is still a serious threat, evencin the highly advanced society. In Third World countries, infections diseases continue to cause high mortaliy.
我們必須清楚的認(rèn)識到感染對我們?nèi)匀皇菄?yán)重的威脅专执，即使是在非常先進(jìn)的社會也是一樣淮捆。在第三世界國家里各種感染繼續(xù)造成高死亡率。
S：Is it an arduous task lying before us to effectively fight against infections?
有效的戰(zhàn)勝感染是擺在我們面前的一項(xiàng)艱巨任務(wù)嗎?
P: Yes, it's really a long way to go.? But, with the development of medical science, many more effective new drugs and vaccines will surely be found.
是的本股，還有很長的路要走攀痊。但是，隨著醫(yī)學(xué)科技的發(fā)展痊末，許多更有效的新藥和疫苗一定會被找到蚕苇。
