今日導(dǎo)讀
在當(dāng)代國(guó)際政治與社會(huì)議題中楣导，難民問(wèn)題長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)都“當(dāng)之無(wú)愧”地位列于熱點(diǎn)之中。在意識(shí)形態(tài)與價(jià)值觀上畜挨，西方國(guó)家一直提倡接納筒繁、庇護(hù)任何因戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和災(zāi)害造成的難民。但與他們的實(shí)際作為相比巴元，這樣的口頭表態(tài)多少顯得有些道貌岸然了：對(duì)難民遷移設(shè)置障礙毡咏、給予部分難民不公待遇、對(duì)不同難民群體實(shí)施雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)……在他們心中务冕，到底是保護(hù)難民還是保護(hù)自身政治利益更重要血当？讓我們跟著大仔老師一起來(lái)看。
帶著問(wèn)題聽(tīng)講解
如何理解 enshrine 這個(gè)詞禀忆？
短語(yǔ) go to extraordinary lengths 是什么意思？
文章提到有哪些因素促使西方國(guó)家試圖削減自身在“庇護(hù)”上的義務(wù)落恼？
正文
The world's broken promise of asylum
世界各國(guó)難以?xún)冬F(xiàn)庇護(hù)承諾
For more than 70 years, the world has enshrined, in national laws and global agreements, a promise that was presented as vitally important: Anyone who cannot live safely in their home country may seek refuge in another.
70 多年來(lái)箩退，在世界范圍內(nèi)，一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的承諾被莊嚴(yán)載入國(guó)家法律和全球協(xié)議：任何在自己的國(guó)家無(wú)法安全生活的人佳谦，都可以到另一個(gè)國(guó)家尋求庇護(hù)戴涝。
But the Western powers that championed this compact have been steadily eroding it in recent years — chipping away at their own, and therefore the world's, obligations toward a responsibility they once characterized as crucial to global stability.
但是，那些倡導(dǎo)這項(xiàng)契約的西方大國(guó)近年來(lái)卻在逐步削弱它钻蔑，這減輕了其自身以及世界各國(guó)履行責(zé)任的義務(wù)啥刻。而這些西方大國(guó)曾認(rèn)為，庇護(hù)對(duì)維持全球穩(wěn)定起到了重要作用咪笑。
That assault, experts say, reached a new extreme last week, as Britain's government announced a new plan for thousands of foreign citizens in the country who had applied for asylum. Rather than hear their claims, it would ship them to Rwanda to become someone else's problem.
專(zhuān)家表示可帽，在上周，（西方國(guó)家對(duì)這項(xiàng)契約的）抨擊達(dá)到了新的極端窗怒。因?yàn)橛?guó)政府宣布了一項(xiàng)針對(duì)新計(jì)劃映跟，這一計(jì)劃針對(duì)數(shù)千名身在英國(guó)并申請(qǐng)了庇護(hù)的外國(guó)公民。英國(guó)政府并不會(huì)聽(tīng)取他們的要求扬虚，而是會(huì)把他們送到盧旺達(dá)努隙，讓他們成為別國(guó)的麻煩。
A rise in right-wing populist politics, the backlash in Europe against a surge of migration in 2015 and then the coronavirus pandemic have accelerated this practice and others like it: walls, armed patrols and "deterrence" policies that deliberately make the journey more dangerous.***
【句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析
主要結(jié)構(gòu)：A, B and C have accelerated sth.
主語(yǔ)：
A：a rise in right-wing populist politics
B: the backlash in Europe against a surge of migration in 2015
C: then the coronavirus pandemic
賓語(yǔ)：this practice and others like it: walls, armed patrols and "deterrence" policies that deliberately make the journey more dangerous
定語(yǔ)從句辜昵，修飾 "deterrence" policies：that deliberately make the journey more dangerous】
右翼民粹主義政治的抬頭荸镊、2015 年歐洲人對(duì)大批移民的強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)，以及之后的新冠疫情都加速了遣送移民和其他類(lèi)似做法：建墻、武裝巡邏和故意提升行程危險(xiǎn)性的“威懾”政策躬存。
The result is not exactly that the global refugee system is dead. European governments are taking in millions of Ukrainians, for example. Rather, Britain's policy highlights that this system, once held up as a universal and legally binding obligation, is now treated as effectively voluntary.
其結(jié)果并不完全意味著全球難民系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)終結(jié)：例如收厨，歐洲各國(guó)政府正在接納數(shù)百萬(wàn)烏克蘭人。相反优构，英國(guó)的政策凸顯出（一個(gè)變化）诵叁，接納難民曾經(jīng)被視為一項(xiàng)全球性的、具有法律約束力的義務(wù)钦椭，但現(xiàn)在拧额，這實(shí)際上卻成了一種自發(fā)行為。
Europe's seeming double standard — as its governments welcome Ukrainians but continue going to extraordinary lengths to keep out migrants from the Middle East — has laid the unwritten norms of the new refugee system especially bare.
歐洲似乎采取了雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)——政府歡迎烏克蘭人彪腔，但繼續(xù)不遺余力地將來(lái)自中東的移民拒之門(mén)外——這使得新難民體系中不成文的規(guī)范尤其暴露無(wú)遺侥锦。
重點(diǎn)詞匯
asylum
/??sa?.l?m/
n.（尤指政治）避難，庇護(hù)
英文釋義：protection that a government gives to people who have left their own country, usually because they were in danger for political reasons
搭配短語(yǔ)：to seek political asylum
例句：He has been granted asylum in France.
refuge
/?ref.ju?d?/
n. 庇護(hù)德挣，避難
近義詞：asylum
相關(guān)詞匯：refugee（n. 難民）
搭配短語(yǔ)：refugee camps
搭配短語(yǔ)：seek refuge = seek asylum（尋求庇護(hù)）
power
/pa??/
n. 強(qiáng)國(guó)恭垦，大國(guó)；力量
搭配短語(yǔ)：major European powers such as France and Germany
相關(guān)詞匯：superpower（n. 超級(jí)大國(guó)）
champion
/?t??m.pi.?n/
v. 支持格嗅，聲援番挺，捍衛(wèi)
詞性拓展：champion（n. 冠軍；支持者屯掖，捍衛(wèi)者）
搭配短語(yǔ)：a champion boxer and skier（一位拳擊和滑雪的雙料冠軍）
例句：He is known as a champion of social reform.（n. 支持者玄柏，捍衛(wèi)者）
搭配短語(yǔ)：to champion social reform（支持社會(huì)改革）
erode
/??ro?d/
v. 削弱，逐步破壞贴铜；侵蝕粪摘，風(fēng)化
例句：The rocks have eroded away over time.（v. 侵蝕，風(fēng)化）
例句：Criticism eroded her self-confidence.（v. 削弱绍坝，逐步破壞）
chip away at sth.
損害徘意，逐步削弱
相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：chip away（削下，鑿下一些碎片）
例句：Chip away the damaged area.
近義詞：erode（v. 損害轩褐，逐步破壞）
搭配短語(yǔ)：to chip away at one's power（削弱某人的力量）
搭配短語(yǔ)：to chip away at one's authority（削弱某人的權(quán)威）
搭配短語(yǔ)：to chip away at one's confidence（削弱某人的信心）
obligation
/?ɑ?.bl??ɡe?.??n/
n. 義務(wù)椎咧，責(zé)任
搭配短語(yǔ)：to have an obligation to do sth.（有義務(wù)做某事）
例句：Parents have a legal obligation to educate their children.
搭配短語(yǔ)：to fulfil or meet one's obligations（盡義務(wù)）
assault
/??sɑ?lt/
n. 抨擊；（軍事）攻擊
搭配短語(yǔ)：to launch an assault on the enemy（對(duì)敵人發(fā)動(dòng)進(jìn)攻）
搭配短語(yǔ)：an assault on the capitalist system（對(duì)資本主義制度的抨擊）
backlash
/?b?k.l??/
n. 強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)
搭配短語(yǔ)：a backlash against sth.
搭配短語(yǔ)：a public backlash against racism.
surge
/s??d?/
n. 激增
詞性拓展：surge（v. 激增）
英文釋義：to increase suddenly and strongly
例句：The share prices surged.
反義詞：plummet / plunge（v. 暴跌）
例句：The share prices plunged / plummeted.
搭配短語(yǔ)：a surge of sth.（某樣?xùn)|西的急劇上升）
deterrence
/d??ter.?ns/
n. 威懾灾挨，遏制
英文釋義：deterrence is the prevention of something, especially war or crime, by having something such as weapons or punishment to use as a threat
搭配短語(yǔ)：policies of nuclear deterrence（核威懾政策）
binding
/?ba?n.d??/
adj.（尤指協(xié)議）必須遵守的邑退，有約束力的
相關(guān)詞匯：bind（v. 捆綁；受到（法律等）約束劳澄，使......承擔(dān)法律義務(wù)）
搭配短語(yǔ)：to be bound by convention（受到了公約的約束）
例句：The contract is legally binding.
搭配短語(yǔ)：a binding contract（一份具有約束力的合同）
double standard
/?d?b.?l ?st?n.d?d/
n. 雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
go to extraordinary lengths
不遺余力地技，竭盡全力
相關(guān)詞匯：lengths（n. 程度）
同義短語(yǔ)：go to any, some, great lengths（不遺余力）
例句：We should go to extraordinary lengths to get what we wants.
lay sth. bare
使某事暴露；公開(kāi)秒拔，公布
例句：A secret report lays bare the shocking truth.
unwritten
/?n?r?t?.?n/
adj. 不成文的莫矗，約定俗成的；沒(méi)有寫(xiě)下的，沒(méi)有文字記錄的
搭配短語(yǔ)：unwritten songs（口頭流傳的歌曲）
搭配短語(yǔ)：the unwritten rules of social life（社會(huì)生活中約定俗成的規(guī)定）
right-wing populist politics（右翼民粹主義政治）
相關(guān)詞匯：right-wing（adj. 右翼的作谚，右傾的）
反義詞：left-wing（adj. 左翼的三娩，左傾的）
相關(guān)詞匯：populist（adj. 民粹主義的）
文化補(bǔ)充：民粹主義是一種與精英主義相對(duì)立的價(jià)值觀。在當(dāng)下的歐美妹懒，活躍著勒龐等右翼民粹主義政客雀监，他們反對(duì)移民，反對(duì)全球化眨唬，導(dǎo)致民粹主義政治的抬頭会前。
