2019年05月14日朝刊
汚名350年
Clearing name of one of Japan's most-maligned historical figures?
[中文譯文]
一提起原田甲斐，那差不多是逆臣的代名詞司倚。他是在江戶時(shí)代前期發(fā)生的伊達(dá)騷亂中喪命的歷史上真實(shí)存在的人物，在歌舞伎和凈琉璃等藝術(shù)形式中也以“仁木彈正”的名字登場(chǎng)榛搔，被描述為陷害仙臺(tái)藩的主君酌摇，并試圖屠殺太子的惡人澄阳。
在據(jù)說(shuō)是原田故鄉(xiāng)的宮城縣柴田町船岡地區(qū)斗遏，他卻被描述為一個(gè)完全相反的形象：“一個(gè)沒(méi)有私心的重臣”脆炎，“不顧自己的生命危險(xiǎn)拯救了藩”等等梅猿。在他原來(lái)居住的船岡城下，主事者們?yōu)榈磕钤侵髟锿罂[藏他的名字為他建了墓碑粒没，為他獻(xiàn)上深深的祈禱。
“對(duì)于這片地方的人們來(lái)說(shuō)簇爆，崇拜和祭拜原田癞松，就好像基督徒在遭遇迫害時(shí)偷偷崇拜上帝一樣∪肭” 地方發(fā)展企業(yè)“柴田未來(lái)”的社長(zhǎng)晉山孝善如是說(shuō)响蓉。原田如今一次都沒(méi)有被作為忠義之士在世界上傳播。此時(shí)浮上心頭的是山本周五郎的小說(shuō)《最后留下的是冷杉木》中描寫(xiě)的那種清廉的生活方式哨毁。
這讓我想起了在還原真實(shí)原田的任務(wù)上首當(dāng)其沖的講演枫甲。感覺(jué)到了這股風(fēng)潮的講演師寶井琴梅走在船岡地區(qū)的大地上，和鄉(xiāng)土史學(xué)家見(jiàn)面扼褪，并親手提筆開(kāi)始創(chuàng)作想幻。從去年秋天開(kāi)始，他創(chuàng)作的章節(jié)開(kāi)始陸續(xù)在和原田有關(guān)的寺廟上演话浇。
所謂歷史脏毯，都是由勝利者書(shū)寫(xiě)，而失敗者總是被描繪成卑鄙的壞人幔崖。即便是這樣食店，也極少有像原田這樣被丑化的。在歌舞伎中赏寇，他竟然被描繪成能夠用妖法變成老鼠吉嫩。
史書(shū)說(shuō)，對(duì)一個(gè)人要蓋棺定論嗅定。在原田的身上自娩，前代少有的奸臣，邪惡的老鼠等這些評(píng)價(jià)被固化渠退，在當(dāng)?shù)匾策€是很難忍受的事情忙迁。在原田死后三百幾十年，依然努力為城主洗凈污名的住民智什，深深觸動(dòng)了我的心动漾。
[日文原文]
原田甲斐といえば逆臣の代名詞であろう。江戸前期に起きた伊達(dá)（だて）騒動(dòng)で絶命した実在の人物で荠锭、歌舞伎や浄瑠璃には「仁木弾正（にっきだんじょう）」の名で登場(chǎng)する旱眯。仙臺(tái)藩の主君に陥れ、幼君を殺そうとした悪人として描かれる证九。
原田の地元にあたる宮城県柴田町船岡地區(qū)では删豺、正反対の人物像が語(yǔ)り継がれてきた±⒘「私心のない重臣」「身を捨てて藩を救った」と呀页、居城だった船岡城下の有力者たちは城主原田を悼み、名を伏せた墓を建てて祈りを捧げてきた拥坛。
「この町の人々にとって原田をあがめ供養(yǎng)するのは蓬蝶、潛伏キリシタンのような営みでした」尘分。町おこし會(huì)社「しばたの未來(lái)」の晉山（しんやま）孝善社長(zhǎng)は語(yǔ)る（６２）忠義の士として今一度世に伝える道はないかと考えた。念頭にあったのは丸氛、山本周五郎が小説『樅（もみ）ノ木は殘った』（１９５８年刊）で描いた清廉な生き方だ培愁。
原田の実像に迫る講談の政策を思い立つ。意気に感じた講談師の寶井琴梅（きんばい）さん（７７）が船岡地區(qū)を歩き缓窜、郷土史家にも會(huì)って定续、自ら筆を起こした。昨秋以降禾锤、書(shū)きあがった章から順に原田ゆかりの寺で演じてきた私股。
歴史とは勝者の書(shū)いた記録であって、敗れた側(cè)はことさら卑しく描かれる恩掷。それにしても原田ほど歪められた人物はそういまい倡鲸。歌舞伎の舞臺(tái)ではネズミに化ける妖術(shù)使いである。
棺を蓋いてこと定まるとは言うものの螃成、希代の奸臣（かんしん）旦签、悪のネズミとして評(píng)価が固まるのは、地元にはやはり耐えがたい寸宏。死して三百數(shù)十年宁炫、城主の汚名をそそぐ住民たちの思いに打たれた。
[英文譯文]
The name Munesuke Harada(1619-1671), popularly known as Kai Harada, is arguably synonymous with "Traitor".
Harada, a retainer of the Date clan that ruled the Sendai Doman, was killed in the so-called Date Sode intra-domain dispute during the early Edo Period(1603-1867).
In Kabuki and "Joruri"(puppet play) productions, Harada is portrayed as Danjo Nikki, an archetypal villain who attempts to kill the young son of his lord and master to destroy the clan.
But in the Funaoka district of Shibata, Miyagi Prefecture, where Harada was born, the exact opposite of that narrative has been perpetuated down to this day. Harada is exalted as a "paragon of loyalty" who "sacrificed himself to save the domain."
Prominent members of the community around Funaoka Castle, where Harada resided, nourned his death. They erected an anonymous grave and prayed for the repose of his soul.
"The townsfolk have kept honoring and remembering Harada much the same way as 'hidden' Christians practiced their faith during the years of persecution," explained Takayoshi Shinyama, 62, president of Shibata no Mirai (Shibata's future), a community development enterprise.
Shinyama searched for a wya to re-introduce Harada to the public as a loyal retainer, along the line of "Moni no Ki wa Nokotta" (The fir trees remain). In the 1958 novel, author Shugoro Yamamoto depicted Harada as a man of extraordinary integrity.
Shinyama decided to produce a "Kodan" (Traditional Storytelling) that would bring out Harada's true persona. The project won the support of Kinbai Takarai, 77, a professional kodan storyteller. Takarai familiarized himself with the Funaoka district, met with local historians and wrote the narrative himself.
Takarai has been performing completed parts at a temple associated with Harada since last autumn.
History is written by the victors, and the losers are described as being exaggeratedly despicable.
Still, few historical figures aseem to have been more vilified and misrepresented than Harada. In Kabuki, he uses sorcery to shapeshift into a mouse.
According to an old saying, a person's worth is determined only when the coffin is sealed. But for people in Harada's hometown, it was unbearable to lethis repuration remain as being one of the worst traitors in history and an evil rodent.
I was touched by the resolve of the locals to clear the name of their feudal "lord" more than three centuries after his death.
